. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. OSSIFICATION OF THE VEKTEBILE. 105 nucleus (Quain). The transverse processes are completed by epiphyses about the eight- eenth year (*awcett). The anterior arch is developed from centres variously described as single or double, which appear in one of the hypochordal arches of cartilage described by *ronep (Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol, Anat. Abth. 1886) which here persists. In this cartilage ossification commences during the first vear of life. Union with the lateral masses is delayed till six or eight years after birth. The lateral extremities of the
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. OSSIFICATION OF THE VEKTEBILE. 105 nucleus (Quain). The transverse processes are completed by epiphyses about the eight- eenth year (*awcett). The anterior arch is developed from centres variously described as single or double, which appear in one of the hypochordal arches of cartilage described by *ronep (Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol, Anat. Abth. 1886) which here persists. In this cartilage ossification commences during the first vear of life. Union with the lateral masses is delayed till six or eight years after birth. The lateral extremities of the anterior arch assist in forming the anterior part of the superior articular processes. Epistropheus.—The epistropheus ossifies from five primitive centres. Of these, two —one on either side—appear about the seventh week, and form the articular and transverse processes, together with the lamina? and spinous process. One, or it may be two, nuclei appear in the inferior part of the body about the fifth month. The superior part of the body, including a small part of the superior articular process, and the base of the dens, A. Fig. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 119.—Ossification of VERTEBRiE. 21. Centre for summit of dens ; appears 3rd to 5th year, fuses 8th to 12th year. 22. Appears about 5th or 6th month ; unites with opposite side 7th to 8th month. 23. Synchondrosis closes from 4th to 6th year. 24. Inferior epiphysial plate ; appears about puberty, unites about 25th year. 25. Single or double centre for body ; appears about 5th month. Atlas. 26. Posterior arch and lateral masses developed from a single centre on either side, which appears about 7th week. In this figure the posterior arch is represented complete by the union posteriorly of its posterior elements. 27. Anterior arch and portion of superior articular surface developed from single or double centre, appearing during 1st year. Thoracic vertebra. 28. Epiphysis for transverse process ; appears about puberty, unites abou
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