The Iron and steel magazine . LE CAMPBELL, Ann Arbor, Mich. f N the discussion of Mr. Gay leys paper on the Application of** Dry-Air Blast to Manufacture of Iron, f most of the authorshave attempted to explainthe remarkable results solelyon theoretical grounds. As Mr. E. Windsor Rich-ards has explained, Mr. Daw-son showed more than onehundred years ago that blastfurnaces are influenced byvariation in the amount ofmoisture in the air, more fuel,as a rule, being required insummer than in winter. Thisfact has been a matter ofgeneral knowledge to blast-furnace men since Dawsonstime, but they do no
The Iron and steel magazine . LE CAMPBELL, Ann Arbor, Mich. f N the discussion of Mr. Gay leys paper on the Application of** Dry-Air Blast to Manufacture of Iron, f most of the authorshave attempted to explainthe remarkable results solelyon theoretical grounds. As Mr. E. Windsor Rich-ards has explained, Mr. Daw-son showed more than onehundred years ago that blastfurnaces are influenced byvariation in the amount ofmoisture in the air, more fuel,as a rule, being required insummer than in winter. Thisfact has been a matter ofgeneral knowledge to blast-furnace men since Dawsonstime, but they do not seemto have appreciated the ex-treme sensitiveness of a blast furnace to variations in atmos-pheric moisture, until Mr. Gay ley demonstrated the remarkableimprovement which can be brought about by reducing the * A discussion of the paper by Mr. James Gavley, read at the LakeSuperior meeting, September, ic;o4, American Institute of MiningEngineers, Bethlehem meeting, 1906. Slightly abridged. t Trans., xxxv, pp. 746 and 212 The Iron and Steel Magazine amount of water carried in by the blast to a small and prac-tically constant amount. Dr. Raymond seems to be the only one of those who havecontributed to the discussion of Mr. Gayleys paper who appre-ciates the underlying cause of the great value of Mr. Gayleysinvention. The great economy in operation is not due to thesaving of energy required for dissociation of water in the blast,which it has been shown by others does not exceed 3 or 4 percent of the total energy evolved by the fuel, but is due to uni-formity of conditions in the hearth, which permits a uniformtemperature to be maintained in that part of the furnace. -Thatthe great value of dry air is principally due to the eliminationof the daily hygrometric variations may be clearly seen from astudy of the observations made by me sixteen or seventeen yearsago, while I was chemist for the Dayton Coal and Iron Company,of Dayton, Tenn. Before going south, I had held a simi
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