Hand book of calculations for engineers and firemen : Relating to the steam engine, the steam boiler, pumps, shafting, etc. . diameter. The chief points end to in the design of .1 pi-ton are the following:, it should be strong enough towithscand the pressure of the steam, and to hold the end of the piston rod immovably;—the packing round the circumference should be steam-tight, without can* ttdue friction, and nol liable to gel out of order;—the width of the circumferential portion should be such thai the re per square inch—due, In I he case of horizontal engines, to the weighl of the piston—b
Hand book of calculations for engineers and firemen : Relating to the steam engine, the steam boiler, pumps, shafting, etc. . diameter. The chief points end to in the design of .1 pi-ton are the following:, it should be strong enough towithscand the pressure of the steam, and to hold the end of the piston rod immovably;—the packing round the circumference should be steam-tight, without can* ttdue friction, and nol liable to gel out of order;—the width of the circumferential portion should be such thai the re per square inch—due, In I he case of horizontal engines, to the weighl of the piston—be not sufficient to cause undue tnni ]• surface of the 1 \ lindi 256 Hand Book of Calculations. THE STEAM CYLINDER. The importance of keeping the surface of the cylinder true,and of keeping the piston in steam-tight contact with it, willbe readily recognized when it is borne in mind that a leakageof steam past the piston means that during the whole time theengine is at work there is an open passage from the boiler tothe condenser or outer air, through which steam is continuouslyescaping without doing any Fig. the case of many engines, the packing ring is usuallypressed against the barrel of the cylinder by means of a seriesof independent adjustable springs contained within the body ofthe piston. The spring ring, which is of considerable depth,is held up against the sides of the cylinder by a series of steelsprings, a a a, Fig. 114. The joint in the ring is formed to pre-vent leakage. An oblique slot is taken out of the ring. Aplate, fitted with a tongue piece, is fastened behind the slot,and the tongue piece, which slides in a groove, allows the ringto expand and contract, and at the same time makes a steam-tight joint. The ring, with its springs, is covered by a flatcircular piece of iron called the junk rmg, which is shown inplan on one half of Fig. 114. This enables the springs to begot at easily for examination and repair. The junk ring isattached to
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