. Massachusetts of today : a memorial of the state, historical and biographical, issued for the World's Columbian exposition at Chicago. . de-voting, however, allhis leisure hours toreading and study,and early developingan aptitude for pub-lic speaking. He be-came editor of a localpaper, and was con-cerned in newspaperventures in \\althamand Lortell. Havingstudied law in theoffice of Robert Ran-toul, Jr., he was ad-mitted to the bar,but he never prac-tised much in thecourts. His first pub-lic service was as inspector in the Bos-ton Custom 1849 he waselected to the Legis-1 a t u r e, a


. Massachusetts of today : a memorial of the state, historical and biographical, issued for the World's Columbian exposition at Chicago. . de-voting, however, allhis leisure hours toreading and study,and early developingan aptitude for pub-lic speaking. He be-came editor of a localpaper, and was con-cerned in newspaperventures in \\althamand Lortell. Havingstudied law in theoffice of Robert Ran-toul, Jr., he was ad-mitted to the bar,but he never prac-tised much in thecourts. His first pub-lic service was as inspector in the Bos-ton Custom 1849 he waselected to the Legis-1 a t u r e, and wasspeaker of the Housein 1851 and was president of the State Constitutional Convention in 1853, and in thesame year was elected to Congress as a coalition Dem-ocrat. Being re-elected to the next Congress by theAmerican party, he was chosen speaker of the NationalHouse of Representatives, after an unparalleled contest,lasting over two months, and resulting in the casting ofone hundred and thirty-two ballots before the deadlockwas broken. He was governor in 1858-60. In 1861he was commissioned a major-general of NATHANIEL PRENTISS BANKS and assigned to the command of the fifth corps in theArmy of the Potomac. His corps participated in thebattle of Cedar Mountain, holding its position againsta largely superior force. In the same year CeneralBanks was placed in command of the defences of Wash-ington, and subsequently succeeded General Butler inthe command of the department of the Gulf. The RedRiver expedition, undertaken against his remonstrances,proved a failure, and military critics exculpate General Banks from all blamefor the result. Re-lieved of his com-mand in May, 1864,he resigned his com-mission, returned toMassachusetts, w a sagain elected to Con-gress from his olddistrict, and was re-elected to the suc-cessive Congressesuntil 1877, failingonly in 1872, whenhe allied himself tothe fortunes of Hor-ace Greeley. He wasfor a long time chair-man of the C


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectworldsc, bookyear1892