. The sword of Islam. edperiod; and (3) the greater pilgrimage (HajjulAkbar); this is the usual Hajj carried intoexecution when the day of Arafat (of whichmore anon) falls on a Friday. As regards the lesser pilgrimage it is only neces-sary to state that it is generally confined to a journeyto a mosque about six miles from Mecca, whence,after a prayer, the votary repairs to the Holy Cityand performs the Tawaf and Sai (to be hereafterdescribed); he then shaves his head, lays aside hispilgrims garb (Ihram), and all is finished. This actof piety and devotion may be performed at anyseason of the ye
. The sword of Islam. edperiod; and (3) the greater pilgrimage (HajjulAkbar); this is the usual Hajj carried intoexecution when the day of Arafat (of whichmore anon) falls on a Friday. As regards the lesser pilgrimage it is only neces-sary to state that it is generally confined to a journeyto a mosque about six miles from Mecca, whence,after a prayer, the votary repairs to the Holy Cityand performs the Tawaf and Sai (to be hereafterdescribed); he then shaves his head, lays aside hispilgrims garb (Ihram), and all is finished. This actof piety and devotion may be performed at anyseason of the year, but it is considered especiallymeritorious during the sacred seventh month, whichforms a break in the middle of the eight secularmonths. When the votary performs the Hajj and theUmra together, as was done by the Prophet, onthe occasion of his last visit to Mecca, it is termedAl Muqarinna (the meeting); Al Ifrad (singu-lation) is when either the Hajj or the Umra is undertaken separately ; but in any case the former. Pilgrim Dress, Male and Female. [To face p. 3(54. CHAP. XI.] PILGRIM^S ATllRE 365 must precede the latter. A third description, termedAl Tamattu (possession), is when the pilgrimassumes the Ihram, and does not cast it asidethroughout the tenth and eleventh months and duringnine days (ten nights) in the twelfth month, perform-ing the Hajj and Umra the while. Sir W. Muir says that, according to the rules ofIslam, the pilgrim must resolve before he assumesthe pilgrim garb which pilgrimage he will perform. The Musulman who has performed the pilgrimageis called Haji. Upon the votarys arrival at the last stage (ofwhich there are five), about five or six miles fromMecca, he bathes himself and assumes the sacredrobe, which is called Ihram. This latter, however,may be taken into wear at other spots, the fartherfrom Mecca the greater the merit; consequently,some poor wretches from India and Egypt travel thewhole journey in this costume. As a rule, however,those who come fr
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