. Cane sugar; a textbook on the agriculture of the sugar cane, the manufacture of cane sugar, and the analysis of sugar-house products. per hour from 80° F. to 212° F. with 10 sq. ft. of heating surface. Theefficiency, however, falls very rapidly, and there should be installed 40sq. ft. per ton-cane-hour. This heating surface may conveniently be dividedinto three mnts of 13 sq. ft. each, of which two operate while one is thro\%Tiout dail\ for cleaning. Instead of using tubular heaters, the juice may be heated in the vesselsin which the setthng takes place, and these vessels then become known a
. Cane sugar; a textbook on the agriculture of the sugar cane, the manufacture of cane sugar, and the analysis of sugar-house products. per hour from 80° F. to 212° F. with 10 sq. ft. of heating surface. Theefficiency, however, falls very rapidly, and there should be installed 40sq. ft. per ton-cane-hour. This heating surface may conveniently be dividedinto three mnts of 13 sq. ft. each, of which two operate while one is thro\%Tiout dail\ for cleaning. Instead of using tubular heaters, the juice may be heated in the vesselsin which the setthng takes place, and these vessels then become known asDefecators. Two styles of heating elements are used. One evidentlyderived from Taylors patent (4032, 1816) and shown in Fig. 157, consists ofa s^stem of straight tubes a. collected into a header b. about which thesystem can rotate for pm-poses of cleaning. This s\^tem is used with rec-tangular vessels, and when pro\ided with a gutter they are known as Elimina-tors in the British West Indies, and as Fletcher Pans in Java. They were,and still are, used to boil juices and to skim off the scums that rise into the u 274 CHAPTER XIV. Fig. 157 gutter c. They are usually provided with the syphon float dischargeindicated at d in Fig. 157. French practice changed the straight tubes inthe Taylor system to a coil and adopted a circular vessel as shown in Fig. type is usually found provided with draw-off cocks at different levels,and is the form generally found in Cuba. In both designs, i sq. ft. heating surface is found per threecub. ft. of capacity. Inplace of either of thesedesigns the very efficientWitcowitz heating devicemay be used; this, as ar-ranged in an evaporator, isshown in Fig. 205. When the heating isdone entirely in tubularheaters, the tanks whichreceive the hot juice servemerely as settling and storage tanks. In the defecator a system offlotation obtains. On appl5dng heat the emulsioned air attaches itselfto particles of the solid matter, and causes them to rise
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectsugar, bookyear1921
