. Principles and practice of butter-making; a treatise on the chemical and physical properties of milk and its components, the handling of milk and cream, and the manufacture of butter therefrom. Butter; Milk. RECEIVING, SAMPLING, AND GRADING. 87 the reading may be facilitated. The temperature at the time of reading should be between 120° and 140° F. There are three very common defects in the clearness of fat reading: (1) The fat contains black, charred, flocculent matter at the bottom of the fat column. This is commonly caused by frl. Fig. 38. _ Fig. 39. Fig. 40. Fig. 41. Wagner's skim- Ohlso
. Principles and practice of butter-making; a treatise on the chemical and physical properties of milk and its components, the handling of milk and cream, and the manufacture of butter therefrom. Butter; Milk. RECEIVING, SAMPLING, AND GRADING. 87 the reading may be facilitated. The temperature at the time of reading should be between 120° and 140° F. There are three very common defects in the clearness of fat reading: (1) The fat contains black, charred, flocculent matter at the bottom of the fat column. This is commonly caused by frl. Fig. 38. _ Fig. 39. Fig. 40. Fig. 41. Wagner's skim- Ohlson's skim- Butter test-bott!e, and Russian Babcock milk bottle. milk bottle. funnel which holds test-bottle and (Both with pneumatic fat- about 9 grams of reading-tube, indicator (pat.).) butter. using too much or too strong acid or mixing milk and acid at too high a temperature. The remedy is to use less acid or to cool milk and acid before mixing. The black charred matter may also be due to allowing the acid to stand in contact with the milk too long a time before mixing or by pouring acid through the center of the milk. (2) There may be a layer of white flocculent matter at the bottom of the fat column. This is due to not having used enough acid or to the temperature of milk and acid being too low or to not mixing the acid and milk. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original McKay, George Lewis; Larsen, Christian, 1874- , joint author. New York, J. Wiley & sons; [etc. , etc. ]
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1915
