Mediaeval and modern history . Hospitalers(sec. 143), now established in the island of Rhodes, held them inrestraint in the Mediterranean. Before the end of the sixteenthcentury the conquering energy of the Ottomans had about spentitself, and their empire had attained its greatest extent. The Turks have ever remained quite insensible to the influencesof European civilization, and their rule has been a perfect blightand curse to the Christian races subjected to their authority. They 5 Afrasiab is the name of a personage who figures in the historical legends of Persia. l68 THE MONGOLS AND THE OT


Mediaeval and modern history . Hospitalers(sec. 143), now established in the island of Rhodes, held them inrestraint in the Mediterranean. Before the end of the sixteenthcentury the conquering energy of the Ottomans had about spentitself, and their empire had attained its greatest extent. The Turks have ever remained quite insensible to the influencesof European civilization, and their rule has been a perfect blightand curse to the Christian races subjected to their authority. They 5 Afrasiab is the name of a personage who figures in the historical legends of Persia. l68 THE MONGOLS AND THE OTTOMAN TURKS have always been looked upon as intruders in Europe, and theirpresence there has led to several of the most sanguinary wars ofmodern times. Gradually they are being pushed out from theirEuropean possessions, and the time is probably not remote whenthey will be driven back across the Bosporus, just as the MoslemMoors were expelled long ago from the opposite corner of thecontinent by the Christian chivalry of Fig. 29. — Ruins of the Great Mosque at Samarkand(From Shoemaker, The Heart of the 0?ient) This stupendous structure dates from the time of Tamerlane Selections from the Sources. — The Book of Ser Marco Polo, 2 vols,(trans, by Henry Yule). The best part of these volumes is condensed inNoah Brooks, The Story of Marco Polo. Marco Polo resided seventeenyears at the court of Kublai Khan at Cambalu, the modern Peking. Hesaw the Mongol court at the time of its greatest brilliancy and gave Europea vivid description of what he observed and heard in an account whichour growing knowledge of the Farther East is giving a constantly higherreputation for accuracy and honesty. Secondary Works. — Howorth, History of the Mongols from the Ninthto the Nineteenth Century. The best and most comprehensive work onthe subject. Creasy, History of the Ottoman Turks, chaps, i-vi. Gib-bon, The Decline and Fall, chaps. Ixiv-lxviii. MijATOVicH, Constantine,the Last Emperor of th


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