. Text-book of nervous diseases; being a compendium for the use of students and practitioners of medicine . nervous diseasecharacterized by spasm of the muscles supplied by the spinal acces-sory and often of those supplied by the upper cervical nerves also. Etiology.—Women are much oftener affected than men. It MOTOR DISORDERS OF SPECIAL NERVES. 125 occurs in early adult and middle life, never in children or old peo-ple. A neuropathic constitution and heredity often exist. The exciting causes are occupations which put the lateral musclesof the neck on a strain, depressing emotions, physical sh
. Text-book of nervous diseases; being a compendium for the use of students and practitioners of medicine . nervous diseasecharacterized by spasm of the muscles supplied by the spinal acces-sory and often of those supplied by the upper cervical nerves also. Etiology.—Women are much oftener affected than men. It MOTOR DISORDERS OF SPECIAL NERVES. 125 occurs in early adult and middle life, never in children or old peo-ple. A neuropathic constitution and heredity often exist. The exciting causes are occupations which put the lateral musclesof the neck on a strain, depressing emotions, physical shocks andblows, rheumatic influences, and perhaps malaria. Sometimes nocause can De detected. Reflex irritations, perhaps, exist in somecases, but it is difficult to find them. Symptoms.— The disease begins with slightly painful sensationsin the neck, which are soon accompanied by spasm. The spasm isat first clonic and intermittent. The sterno-mastoid is oftenest in-volved of single muscles; but the rule is that the upper fibres of thetrapezius are also affected. The patients head is inclined toward. Fig. 69.— Typical Wryneck Involving the Spinal Acessory on the RightSide (Walton). the affected side by the trapezius, the chin is raised, and the headrotated to the opposite side by the sterno-mastoid and trapezius,and this is the typical position in the disease (Fig. 69). If bothtrapezii are affected the head is pulled back, but tins is a rare retro-collic spasm. The eomplexus and obliquus superiorare the only other neck muscles which can rotate the head to theopposite side. They are supplied by the. upper cervical nerves andare sometimes involved in wryneck. In torticollis the musclesaffected with spasm have a similar physiological function. Hencewhile the sterno-mastoid, trapezius, complexus, and superior obliqueon one side are attacked by the spasms, muscles on the other sidemay be at the same time implicated. The opposite muscle com-monly affected is the
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectnervous, bookyear1901
