. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Heft 3—4 30/1979 Ecology and Range of Rousettus 239. b 50 Hz Fig. 5: Rousettus during flight (a); two orientation sounds taken with an ultrasonic microphon (b). The clicks are sent out through the mouth, which is constricted to a mere slit (Möhres and Kulzer 1956). To read from right to left. In addition to the bananas, we used a synthetic banana scent as bait. The two scents were indistinguishable to human beings but the bats never failed to differentiate between t
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Heft 3—4 30/1979 Ecology and Range of Rousettus 239. b 50 Hz Fig. 5: Rousettus during flight (a); two orientation sounds taken with an ultrasonic microphon (b). The clicks are sent out through the mouth, which is constricted to a mere slit (Möhres and Kulzer 1956). To read from right to left. In addition to the bananas, we used a synthetic banana scent as bait. The two scents were indistinguishable to human beings but the bats never failed to differentiate between the real and the synthetic one. In another series of experiments the bats could choose between the scent of two different essences of banana, a similar smelling essence of pear and a^ain 100 mg of banana mash, distributed among four feeding boxes. As above, the bats found the banana mash with great certainty after only a few orientation flights. The fruit bats surpass men not only in their sensitivity to smell, but also in the ability to distinguish between very similar scents. In order to find out if Rousettus also locates food in total dark- ness, the feeding boxes were arranged in a different way on both sides of the corridor. Thus the bats were faced with a new situation in total darkness. They had to reorientate themselves during each experiment. It took only a few minutes until they found the box with the bananas. Conclusions: Rousettus is the only genus of Megachiroptera in which acoustic orientation was demonstrated. But like many other fruit bats it also orientates itself visually and by an ex- cellently developed sense of smell. The echolocation system enables Rousettus to roost in caves even in total darkness. Rousettus produces the orientation „clicks" with its tongue in a completely different way (hypoglossal control of sound production) from the Microchiroptera. Echolocation in Rousettus, therefore, may have evolved independently of the
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