Fungous diseases of plants . el) the outer layer of filaments from below and from above this fur-row become interlaced, and thus is formed an early stage of theveil, or membrane, inclosing the area in which the hymenium iseventually produced. As growth proceeds, the overlapping periph-eral elements become wholly indistinguishable, the pileus is thendeveloped by successions of epinastic and hyponastic growth, theprincipal growth being in the direction of the pileus. The hyme-nial surface is thereafter differentiated by the growth downward ofalternating radial hyphal bands, which form the trama,
Fungous diseases of plants . el) the outer layer of filaments from below and from above this fur-row become interlaced, and thus is formed an early stage of theveil, or membrane, inclosing the area in which the hymenium iseventually produced. As growth proceeds, the overlapping periph-eral elements become wholly indistinguishable, the pileus is thendeveloped by successions of epinastic and hyponastic growth, theprincipal growth being in the direction of the pileus. The hyme-nial surface is thereafter differentiated by the growth downward ofalternating radial hyphal bands, which form the trama, or middletissue of the lamella, bearing eventually the hymenium or surfacefrom which the basidia are produced. With the rapid growth in AlITOBASIDIOMYCETES 477 the lower, or lamellar, portion of the pileus, the cap is quickly raisedand the veil broken at the margins of the pileus, with the gradualexpansion of the upper portion of the plant. This general form ofdevelopment apparently maintains in most angiocarpic Agaricacese. Fig. 23S. Armfllaria j/£iz.£.-/.• Basidial Surface. (After Ilartig) which possess a veil only. Differences occur, however, with regardto the time of differentiation, position of the forming lamellae, thestem, veil, etc. XIV. EUROPEAN ROOT DISEASE OF ALFALFA ANDOTHER PLANTS Rhizodonia Medicaginis De C. Frank, A. B. Die Pilzparisitaren Krankheiten der Pflanzen, /. c, pp. 5 14-5 rS. KiJHN, J. Die Kranklieiten der Kulturgewachse, /. c, p. 245. TuLASNE, L. R. and C. Rhizoctonia. Fungi Hypogaei, , pp. 188-195, De Candolle described accurately the root disease of alfalfa{Mcdicago sativd) in 1815, and gave to the violet fungus pro-ducing the disease the name above indicated. The fungus hadpreviously passed under another name, which, however, probablyreferred to several diverse species. From the subsequent work ofKlihn, Frank, Comes, and others, much additional information hasbeen presented concerning this fungus. Many, however, have re-garded it as closely
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