. Coleoptera : general introduction and Cicindelidae and Paussidae. en lost in most species. Every student ofHomoptera is familiar with the conspicuous frontal ocellus incertain Cixiidjs. When working at the Cixim^ of CentralAmerica for the 6 Biologia Centrali-Americana, I found thisocellus varying much in size, even in the same species ; in somespecies it was so small as to be hardly traceable, in others nothingwas left but the cicatrix, and in yet others there was merely a spotmarking the position it had perhaps once occupied in previousgenerations. The retention of the ocelli by even a few
. Coleoptera : general introduction and Cicindelidae and Paussidae. en lost in most species. Every student ofHomoptera is familiar with the conspicuous frontal ocellus incertain Cixiidjs. When working at the Cixim^ of CentralAmerica for the 6 Biologia Centrali-Americana, I found thisocellus varying much in size, even in the same species ; in somespecies it was so small as to be hardly traceable, in others nothingwas left but the cicatrix, and in yet others there was merely a spotmarking the position it had perhaps once occupied in previousgenerations. The retention of the ocelli by even a few species ofColeoptera is, in any case, very interesting. 74 INTRODUCTION. Among other points that may be noticed in the family are themouth-parts, which are of considerable value in the classificationof the various groups. The mentum is trapezoidal, with theanterior part separate; the ligula is, as a rule, membranous; inStenus the ligula, paraglossae, and labial palpi are very slightlyjointed with the mentum, and are sometimes, at death, protruded stiqma SC-VlteYl. Fig. 32.—Staphylinus tenebricosus. Upperside (elytra removed) : lbr.,\ohvum ;cl., clypeus ; ones., mesonotum ; eps2, epm2, episterna and epimera of meso-thorax ; scutell., srmtellum ; met., metanotuin ; postscutell., postseutellum ormetanotalscutellum; stigm^, first abdominal stigma; stigmH, last abdominalstigma ; Dj-D^, dorsal segments of the hind body. (After Ganglbauer ;lettering somewhat altered.) at the end of a long gullet; the mandibles are sometimes hard andstout and furnished with at least one strong tooth • sometimesthey are finer, sharp, and sickle-shaped ; the maxillae have twolobes, and the maxillary palpi are 4-jointed, with the last jointoften very small and subulate ; in Aleochara there is a very minutefifth joint in both the maxillary and labial palpi; these latter are STAPHYLINIDiE. 75 usually 3-jointed, occasionally 2-jointed, as a rule of normal form,but in Myllcena and a few other genera they
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