. A treatise on the nervous diseases of children : for physicians and students. and Sixteenth Months.—In-dependent speech is acquired, and repeats spoken words easily; in seven-teenth month may speak short sentences, using verbs; from this time onthere is steady improvement in memory of words and use of language. At two years child may learn to repeat rhymes, to detect colors, etc. If the mental condition of the child has been satisfac-torily determined, the special senses should be examined. Does the child see ? is a question often answered affirma-tively by the mother, when a closer examinat
. A treatise on the nervous diseases of children : for physicians and students. and Sixteenth Months.—In-dependent speech is acquired, and repeats spoken words easily; in seven-teenth month may speak short sentences, using verbs; from this time onthere is steady improvement in memory of words and use of language. At two years child may learn to repeat rhymes, to detect colors, etc. If the mental condition of the child has been satisfac-torily determined, the special senses should be examined. Does the child see ? is a question often answered affirma-tively by the mother, when a closer examination provesthat the child is totally blind. Mothers are easily deceivedin this, for the restless movements of the eyes in youngchildren are supposed to be purposive and part of the vis-ual act. To test vision use a candle or a taper, and pass itin front of the eyes at some distance from the head, so asto avoid heat sensations, and note whether the child fol-lows the light. Do not be misled by accidental movementsand avoid using rattles, for the child may turn its eyes in OD. Fig. 3.—Normal Visual Fields for Colors. Fig. 4.—Normal Visual Field. (Grasset etRauzier.) the direction from which the sound issues without seeingthe object. Use also simple substances of different colors(pencils, papers, glass, etc.), and see whether the child fol-lows these objects. It is a matter of still greater difficulty to test the field INTRODUCTION—METHODS OF EXAMINATION. of vision. In very young children it may be altogetherimpossible, but after a child has reached the age of fivemonths or thereabouts, it may be possible to make a roughtest of the visual field by passing objects from above andbelow, as well as from the sides, into the visual field, andnoticing when the child begins to turn its eyes toward this
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