Physical diagnosis, including diseases of the thoracic and abdominal organs : a manual for students and physicians .. . Aortic regurgitation. Arrows show lines of conduction of vibrations. Murmurs Made at the Tricuspid Valve.—Tricuspidmurmurs are usually most distinct over the lower por-tion of the sternum and along the lower left costalcartilages. Tricuspid Pre-systolic Murmurs.—The point ofmaximum intensity is over the lower portion of thesternum, at the upper edge of the ensiform cartilage,and the area of diffusion corresponds with the area of AUSCULTAT10X. 313 superficial cardiac flatness.


Physical diagnosis, including diseases of the thoracic and abdominal organs : a manual for students and physicians .. . Aortic regurgitation. Arrows show lines of conduction of vibrations. Murmurs Made at the Tricuspid Valve.—Tricuspidmurmurs are usually most distinct over the lower por-tion of the sternum and along the lower left costalcartilages. Tricuspid Pre-systolic Murmurs.—The point ofmaximum intensity is over the lower portion of thesternum, at the upper edge of the ensiform cartilage,and the area of diffusion corresponds with the area of AUSCULTAT10X. 313 superficial cardiac flatness. (Fig. 70.) Conductionto the surface of the vibrations made at the tricuspidvalve is from that portion of the right ventricle which isin direct contact with the sternum. The tricuspid pre-systolic murmur is extremely rare,and, when detected, is diagnostic of obstruction at theorifice, either congenital or acquired. Fig. Tricuspid obstruction. Tricuspid Systotjc Murmurs.—The point of maxi-mum intensity is at the base of the ensiform cartilage,and the area of diffusion from the point of maximumintensity is upward and to the right, not above the thirdrib, and to the left toward the apex of the heart, () Conduction of the murmur in these two direc-tions is by the regurgitant stream, and by transmission 314 THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. through chordae tendinese to apex, the same is in. mitralregurgitation. Vibrations made at the valve are carried by theregurgitant current of blood upward into the auricleover which the murmur is heard. The vibrations aretransmitted to the right ventricular wall by the attach-ment of the valve and by the tense chordse tendinere and Fig. 71.


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