. Railroad structures and estimates . ls. — Fire walls are usually brick or concrete 13 or14 inches thick, with stiffening pilasters similar to end walls. Afire door 3 X7 is provided at one end, and the wall is carried18 to 24 inches above the roof. Roof. — For frame buildings 12X12 longitudinal beamsover the columns with corbels and brackets over the posts,2Xl2 joists at varying centers to suit span, with two J-inchlayers of timber over, and tar paper between. Mill construction. — Fig. 59, for brick, concrete, or masonrybuildings: The longitudinal beams over the columns are of steel18 inches
. Railroad structures and estimates . ls. — Fire walls are usually brick or concrete 13 or14 inches thick, with stiffening pilasters similar to end walls. Afire door 3 X7 is provided at one end, and the wall is carried18 to 24 inches above the roof. Roof. — For frame buildings 12X12 longitudinal beamsover the columns with corbels and brackets over the posts,2Xl2 joists at varying centers to suit span, with two J-inchlayers of timber over, and tar paper between. Mill construction. — Fig. 59, for brick, concrete, or masonrybuildings: The longitudinal beams over the columns are of steel18 inches high, 55 pounds per foot, with brackets over posts. Thesteel posts and beams are incased in concrete. The roof timberbeams vary from 6X12 to 8X16 at about 8-foot centers,and are covered on top with 3-inch narrow T. and G. plankwell nailed laterally with heavy cut nails about 18 inchesapart. Concrete roofs are similar to the above for the posts andlongitudinal beams. The roof beams are about S-foot centers, of ENGINE HOUSES. 113. OS 50 114 RAILROAD STRUCTURES AND ESTIMATES. reinforced concrete, and the roof covering 3 inch thick concretewith expanded metal. All of the above roofs are covered with tar and gravel forweatherproofing. Engine Pits. — Length 63 feet, width 4 feet, depth at back2 feet 4 inches, depth at front 2 feet 8 inches. Concrete wTalls17 inches thick with 1 foot 6 inches thick footing courses 24 incheswide. The rails are laid on 6-inch plank 3 feet wide, on the top ofconcrete walls, with cedar sills where the plank projects over thewalls. The 6-inch planking is built out at both ends to providefor jacking, extra cedar sills at close intervals being used forsupporting the plank. The floor of the pit may be 4-inch brick or concrete, builtconvex, with a 4-inch rise. The sump hole is 12 inches wide by12 inches deep across the pit at the low end, with grating overto provide for drainage. Drop Pit. — The drop pit is usually built between and con-nects two eng
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