Diseases of the nervous system : a text-book of neurology and psychiatry . t unilateral or bilateral loss of of the causes for this mostly periph-eral loss of smell may be estimated bydirect inspection. Certain directly actingdrugs, cocaine, etc., influence smell. From the receptors, the pathways trav-erse the cribriform plate and enter theolfactory bulb, forming synapses with themitral cells. Lesions in and about thecribriform plate, fractures, meningitis,syphilis, pressure of frontal tumor maydetermine a diminution or loss of smell;possibly lesions in this portion of theolfactory
Diseases of the nervous system : a text-book of neurology and psychiatry . t unilateral or bilateral loss of of the causes for this mostly periph-eral loss of smell may be estimated bydirect inspection. Certain directly actingdrugs, cocaine, etc., influence smell. From the receptors, the pathways trav-erse the cribriform plate and enter theolfactory bulb, forming synapses with themitral cells. Lesions in and about thecribriform plate, fractures, meningitis,syphilis, pressure of frontal tumor maydetermine a diminution or loss of smell;possibly lesions in this portion of theolfactory pathway may cause hallucinatoryodors, but this is still debatable. Certaintumors Ijang upon the orbital plate ofthe sphenoid and compressing the lobusolfactorius have seemed to give rise tounilateral and bilateral hallucinations ofsmell. (See Fig. 67.)It is known that certain sneezing crises have been determined bytabetic lesions. Just which parts of the olfactory tracts are involvedis not certain.^ Tertiary neurones pass to the thalamus and to the cortex.(See Fig. 68.). Fig. 67.—Illustration of firstand second neurones of theolfactorius. The first synapsetakes place in the glomeruli(mitral cells). (Edinger.) Klippel and LHermitte. Sem. Med., February 17, 1909. DISEASES OF THE OLFACTORY TRACT 181 Clinical correlations with disorder of this portion of the olfactory-pathway are not certain. Certain overaffective reactions to odors,disgusts, nausea, even vomitings from odors need to be more carefullysifted in this connection, especially in relation to brain tumor localiza-tions. They should not be viewed as whims or fancies of hystericalpatients. Loss of smell may result from thalamic lesions, usuallyhomolateral. The crossing of the olfactory pathways is incomplete, andtakes place principally in the anterior cerebral commissure (Fig. (iS).
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