. The drug plants of Illinois . POLYGONUM AVIGULARE L. Knotgrass, knotweed, dooryard weed, mat grass. Polygonaceae.—A prostrate or ascending, much-branched, matted herb, annual; stems slender, striate; leaves bluish-green, lanceolate, 14 ^o ^ inch long, alternate, entire; petioles very short, con- nected with a papery sheath at the stem node; flowers pinkish, very small, in axillary clusters; fruit a small, 3-angled, reddish-brown to black, dull achene or seed. The herb collected; also occasionally the root and seeds. Common in waste places throughout the state. Used as an astringent; the seed
. The drug plants of Illinois . POLYGONUM AVIGULARE L. Knotgrass, knotweed, dooryard weed, mat grass. Polygonaceae.—A prostrate or ascending, much-branched, matted herb, annual; stems slender, striate; leaves bluish-green, lanceolate, 14 ^o ^ inch long, alternate, entire; petioles very short, con- nected with a papery sheath at the stem node; flowers pinkish, very small, in axillary clusters; fruit a small, 3-angled, reddish-brown to black, dull achene or seed. The herb collected; also occasionally the root and seeds. Common in waste places throughout the state. Used as an astringent; the seeds are aro- matic, purgative, and emetic. POLYGONUM HYDROPIPER L. Smartweed, w^ater pepper, pepper plant, red shanks. Polygonaceae.—An erect, basally branched, smooth herb 1 to 2 feet tall, annual; stems jointed, reddish, sheathed at the nodes; leaves narrowly lanceolate, 1 to 4 inches long, peppery- tasting, entire, alternate, petioled; flowers greenish, dark-dotted, small, numerous in nodding, closely flowered, terminal spikes; fruit dull, purple-black, small, lens-shaped or 3-angled. The herb collected. Infrequent to local- ly abundant both as a native plant along streams and as a weed in low, wet fields, pastures, and waste places throughout the state. Contains the acrid principle known as polygenic acid. Used externally as a coun- terirritant, internally as a stimulant and diaphoretic. IPolyffonum punctatum Ell,, water smart- weed, occurring throughout the state, is also collected as an herb.] POPULUS BALSAMIFERA L. Balsam poplar. Salicaceae. The leaf buds collected. Planted as an ornamental tree. For contents and uses, see Populus candi-
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