. Annual report of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). Teachers' Leaflet. 555. In case of doubt as to" natural drainage of soil, treat the plot as though it was defective in this re- spect. The picture shows a boy mak- ing an excavation preparatory to planting bulbs in a soil with defective drainage. The pit should be dug about two feet in depth. In the bottom put loose stones to the depth of about ten inches, and on top of the coarse stone^ put about four inches of grave
. Annual report of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). Teachers' Leaflet. 555. In case of doubt as to" natural drainage of soil, treat the plot as though it was defective in this re- spect. The picture shows a boy mak- ing an excavation preparatory to planting bulbs in a soil with defective drainage. The pit should be dug about two feet in depth. In the bottom put loose stones to the depth of about ten inches, and on top of the coarse stone^ put about four inches of gravel or stone of corresponding size, and on top of the gravel put two inches of sand. There now remain eight inches to be filled wdth soil in which the bulbs are to be planted. These dimensions Over-coming defective drauuii;c. are not arbitrary and mav be modified to fit conditions. The office of the stone, gravel, and sand is to permit the drainage water to percolate down through the open spaces. If the soil in which the bulbs are to be planted should not be friable, some sand should be mixed with it. If the teacher is not able to recognize a tenacious soil when she sees it, the pupils will no doubt be glad to make a test for her, particularly if they have not passed the mud-pie period of childhood. If they succeed in making marbles of the soil^ sand should be added until the particles when moist lack cohesion. The pupils will think this test fun, and in it lies a lesson in soils that is fundamental, and one that the logarithm teacher should be glad to know. The story, "Adventures of the Soil," is as interesting as a romance and is made the theme of a separate chapter. Friability is an important factor in the make-up of a fertile soil. Where the area is small as is the case in children's gardens it is feasible to make a stifif clay friable by mixing with it sand or spading in rotted leaves, and thereby avoid a lumpy soil or one that forms a hard crust after drying. Mana
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