. Peking and the overland route. e of the hurbour entruiiee and eoniinaiids thebay. havinjT many detuehed batteries on the hill is surmounted by a Marconi mast, which forms apronunent landmark. From this ])osition towards the east and then to thenorth, describing a semicircle, the continuous line ofearth-works and ])ernuinent fortifications defending andsup])orthig each other extend for about three miles. The first or east section is the Silver Hill <^rou])followed by the Kai-kwan-shan ijroup : beyond this comesthe second or north line, which, with a direction inclinincto the
. Peking and the overland route. e of the hurbour entruiiee and eoniinaiids thebay. havinjT many detuehed batteries on the hill is surmounted by a Marconi mast, which forms apronunent landmark. From this ])osition towards the east and then to thenorth, describing a semicircle, the continuous line ofearth-works and ])ernuinent fortifications defending andsup])orthig each other extend for about three miles. The first or east section is the Silver Hill <^rou])followed by the Kai-kwan-shan ijroup : beyond this comesthe second or north line, which, with a direction inclinincto the westward, ends up at the Sunw-slni-shan <,nHipabove the railway cutting, some five miles distant. In the rear of the main East Fort, Tvm<j-chi-kwan-shan, as also of the Great North Fort, there are two strongpermanent works and to the south on a low hill is thefamous Ko-bu-yama. The conical hill mounted with twoguns is Ho-dai. with three lower batteries. Pang-lung-shan^ and West Pang-lung-shau. all in liiiiiiH of Noftli Fort, JOawt (hikvMiiiKliuii, \illiiir 142 Then follow two extensive permanent works, Ni-ryu-zan and Sun<j;-shn-shan. Some two miles eastwardfrom Chi-kwan-shan are two detaehed positions, Taku-shan and Shokn-shan. Directly north of Ni-ryu-zan. alsotwo miles distant, there is the Kuropatkin redout,named after the ^reat Russian General on the oeeassionof a visit of insjK-etion. when, for the protection of thewater supply, this fort was decided on as necessary. Itsu-shan and Dai-ansu-san are sister forts beloncringto the central inland section, erected to the east of therailway in support of Ni-ryu-zan to protect its westernflank. These are both very stronjy; permanent the south of the villa«fe of Shu-shih-ying on the lowerslopes, are the Stoessel Forts, forming the vanguardof the Itsu-shan group. From this grou]), all along the ridge, trench and otherminor defence works extend right up to the 203 MetreHill section. The
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Keywords: ., bookauthorthomasco, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1917
