. The Civil War : the national view . , twenty-seven Stateconstitutions eliminated the negro from citizenship. Thefree States tolerated the free negro but refused to treat himas a citizen; even In New England no one proposed electinga negro to the humblest office. The new free States of theWest, beginning with Ohio and ending with California,Minnesota and Oregon, refused to make the negro a citizenwhen they prohibited slavery In their constitutions. In adirect vote, could one have been cast throughout the Northon the day Lincoln was elected president, a proposition toabolish slavery In the Uni
. The Civil War : the national view . , twenty-seven Stateconstitutions eliminated the negro from citizenship. Thefree States tolerated the free negro but refused to treat himas a citizen; even In New England no one proposed electinga negro to the humblest office. The new free States of theWest, beginning with Ohio and ending with California,Minnesota and Oregon, refused to make the negro a citizenwhen they prohibited slavery In their constitutions. In adirect vote, could one have been cast throughout the Northon the day Lincoln was elected president, a proposition toabolish slavery In the United States would have been de-feated. The majority of the people at the North, In i860,looked upon slavery as an established institution, objection-able, It Is true, but yet established. They considered Itdistinctively a Southern institution and as such wholly anaffair of the South except as an effort might be made toextend slavery Into new States and Territories: and even onthis point public opinion at the North was divided. Lincoln. THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE 37 stood as the candidate of a political party one of whosepropositions was that slavery ought not to be extended intonew Territories and by this the North understood to bemeant Territories directly west of the free States. Whilethere was hostility to slavery in the minds of thousands ofindividuals at the North in i860, the attitude of the wholepeople of the North at that time cannot be said to have beena demand that slavery should be abolished at the South: thathostility was rather a demand for the limitation of slaveryby keeping it out of new States and Territories at the North. The reason for this attitude of the North must be soughtin the opinion which the North as a whole held of the inclined to take the estimate of the South concerning of men who in November, i860, thought thatcomfortable slavery was good enough for the negro werefighting on southern battle-fields, three years later, to abolishs
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