. California fruits and how to grow them. Fruit culture. Irrigating Ditches 146 California Frnits efiforts, a little space will be given to sug- gestions as to how a planter may develop and use such small water supply as may be de- rived from spring, small creek or well, on his own land without employing an engineer. Running Lines for Irrigating Ditches. —How far to go up a creek in order to bring water out upon a given piece of land is a question which frequently arises in individual practice. There is also doubt as to how To stake out this line when no special hindrances are in the way, use
. California fruits and how to grow them. Fruit culture. Irrigating Ditches 146 California Frnits efiforts, a little space will be given to sug- gestions as to how a planter may develop and use such small water supply as may be de- rived from spring, small creek or well, on his own land without employing an engineer. Running Lines for Irrigating Ditches. —How far to go up a creek in order to bring water out upon a given piece of land is a question which frequently arises in individual practice. There is also doubt as to how To stake out this line when no special hindrances are in the way, use a home-made leveling instrument constructed as follows: With sound, straight-edged hrniber a triangle is made, as indicated in the sketch. The three pieces, A B, 6 feet long, B C, 12 feet long, and C A, 4 feet long, are made fast to each other at A, B, and C. The board, A D. is fastened to the triangle at right angles to B C. Near A, on the board, A D, a plumb- line is made fast. The plumb, like a mason's plumb, bangs in a hole at F, so that when A D '\s vertical, the string hangs very near the surface of the board, A A homemade leveling instrument. much fall should be given to the ditch. The fall required by a ditch or canal depends upon the amount of water which it is desired that it should discharge, and upon the width and depth with which it is intended that the water should flow. It may also be depend- €nt upon the character of the soil in which the ditch is to be constructed, and upon the peculiarities of the water itself. A strong current in soft soil may cause mischievous erosions. Water carrying much sediment must never be allowed to move sluggishly, as clear water sometimes may. It is best to state the requirements to a competent engin- eer and act on his suggestion, or secure the counsel of a neighbor who has had experi- ence with similar soil and water. Having decided what fall to give the ditch, the nearest point at which water can be taken out of the creek
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectfruitculture, bookyea
