. Injurious insects : how to recognize and control them . Insect pests; Insect pests. 256 PSSTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS insect in tliree years. Apple and pear trees, and various ornamental shrubs, usually manage to exist for some time longer. If a hand lens is used for closer examination, it will be found that each scale is circular in shape, rather flat, dark in color, and has in its center a small raised spot, like a nipple, surrounded by a slight de- pression. Smaller, oval scales represent the males. There are several generations each season. The species hves through the winter as half
. Injurious insects : how to recognize and control them . Insect pests; Insect pests. 256 PSSTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS insect in tliree years. Apple and pear trees, and various ornamental shrubs, usually manage to exist for some time longer. If a hand lens is used for closer examination, it will be found that each scale is circular in shape, rather flat, dark in color, and has in its center a small raised spot, like a nipple, surrounded by a slight de- pression. Smaller, oval scales represent the males. There are several generations each season. The species hves through the winter as half-grown females. With the coming of warm weather these complete their growth, the tiny winged males appear, and in a few days each female begins giving birth to exceedingly small, li^dng young. The latter crawl about over the bark for a few hours, then settle down, insert their sucking beaks, and soon are covered with a pro- tecting wax scale. They do not move thereafter. The total prog- eny of a single female in one season is enormous. The insect is especially hkely to be introduced on nursery stock, and the greatest care should be taken in the purchase of trees for an orchard. If stock has been properly fumigated with hydrocyanic acid gas, the scales will be killed. Treatment of trees or shrubs consists of spraying in the dormant season with lime-sulphur solution. The best time of apphcation is in the spring, just before the buds swell. Where the infestation is severe, it is well to spray in the fall, after the leaves have dropped, and again in the spring. For small shrubs, and the like, if it is not desired to use the lime- sulphur spray, a solution of whale-oil soap, 2 pounds to 1 gallon of water, may be applied in winter. The potash soap should be Fig. 348. —Work of San Jose Scale on pear. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustr
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectinsectp, bookyear1912
