. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography Anon., 1972; DEMR, 1972; Jones, 1972; Eimon, 1974). Finally, to attempt to understand the distribution of the energy and mineral resources in terms of geologic processes (Fig. 10). Attention is focused on those energy and mineral resources associated with present plate boundaries of the Pacific region. Other deposits may then be interpreted in terms of past plate bound- aries following the uniformitarian principle of geology that the present is the
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography Anon., 1972; DEMR, 1972; Jones, 1972; Eimon, 1974). Finally, to attempt to understand the distribution of the energy and mineral resources in terms of geologic processes (Fig. 10). Attention is focused on those energy and mineral resources associated with present plate boundaries of the Pacific region. Other deposits may then be interpreted in terms of past plate bound- aries following the uniformitarian principle of geology that the present is the key to the past. GEOLOGY OF THE PACIFIC Lithospheric plates The conceptual framework of plate tectonics, developed by many work- ers, views the earth as comprised of a rigid outer shell about 100 km (60 miles) thick, the lithosphere, that behaves as if it were floating on an under- lying plastic layer, the asthenosphere (Fig. 2). The upper, more brittle part of the lithosphere is termed crust, of which there are two major types, the granitic continental crust (about 30 km thick) and the basaltic oceanic crust LITHOSPHERIC PLATES 120*e 150* 180* 150* 120" 90* 60*. DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY ... CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY _ TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARY __ UNCERTAIN PLATE BOUNDARY HALF RATE OF * * SEA FLOOR SPREADING (CM/YR) „ RELATIVE PLATE MOTION (CM/YR) „. DIP OF BENIOFF ZONE (UPPER 100 KM) Fig. 1. Lithospheric plates of the Pacific region showing directions (arrows) and half-rates of sea-floor spreading about divergent plate boundaries in the eastern Pacific, directions (arrows) and rates of convergence at convergent plate boundaries bordering the Pacific ocean basin, and angles of inclination (in degrees from horizontal) of Benioff zones beneath the convergent plate boundaries (Fig. 2). (Le Pichon et al., 1973) 59 400. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of the
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