Transactions . ased at every point upwards and forwards, andthe superior portions of the lungs are expanded inthese directions. Movements of the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Ribs.—The sixth, seventh, and eighth ribs, which arelinked together by their conjoint costal cartilages,are raised by the levatores costarum., by the fifthexternal intercostal muscle, and by the upwardmovement of the sternum. The posterior anglesof these ribs are drawn backwards, thus increasingthe deep hollow of the chest on each side of thespinal column ; the outer curves are raised andpushed outwards, but each rib is rais
Transactions . ased at every point upwards and forwards, andthe superior portions of the lungs are expanded inthese directions. Movements of the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Ribs.—The sixth, seventh, and eighth ribs, which arelinked together by their conjoint costal cartilages,are raised by the levatores costarum., by the fifthexternal intercostal muscle, and by the upwardmovement of the sternum. The posterior anglesof these ribs are drawn backwards, thus increasingthe deep hollow of the chest on each side of thespinal column ; the outer curves are raised andpushed outwards, but each rib is raised and pushedoutwards less than that above it. The cartilagesof the sixth and seventh ribs near the sternum donot project so far as those of the superior ribs ;the range of their forward movement is limited by OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS. 357 12.—EFFECTS OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION ON THEPOSITION OF THE RIBS AND INTERNAL ORGANS. Mrs. Cross, aged about 50,Patient of Dr. Hutchinson ; Hypertrophy of Heart— 1. Inferior margin of lungs before they were inflated; \a. Inferior margin of lungs after they were inflated 2. Lower border of the heart before the lungs were inflated; 21. Lower border of the heart after the lungs were inflated ; 22. Pericar-dial sac after being artificially distended by 26 ounces of water.—]. Liver beforethe lungs were inflated ; 1\ Liver after the lungs were inflated.—8. Stomach beforethe lungs were inflated ; 8. Stomach after the lungs were inflated. The continuous lines indicate the seat and form of the ribs before the lungs wereinflated. The interrupted lines indicate the seat of the ribs after the lungs wereinflated. 358 ON CHANGES IN THE SITUATION the lower extremity of the sternum, which does notadvance so much as the upper portion of that limited range of the forward motion of thecartilages reacts on the cartilaginous extremity ofthe sixth rib, the advance of which is much lessthan that of the seventh, and less still than that o
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