Economic entomology for the farmer Economic entomology for the economicentomolo00smit_0 Year: 1896 THE INSECT WORLD. 363 to reach the maggots just when they are hatching, and becomes effective for that reason. Apphed later, when the insects have already made their way into the radishes, it would be useless. Here the farmer must necessarily make a few observations of his own to determine the proper time for applying the fertilizer remedy, and this is not difficult. The flies lay the eggs in little masses on the surface of the ground near to the infested plants. They are white, slender
Economic entomology for the farmer Economic entomology for the economicentomolo00smit_0 Year: 1896 THE INSECT WORLD. 363 to reach the maggots just when they are hatching, and becomes effective for that reason. Apphed later, when the insects have already made their way into the radishes, it would be useless. Here the farmer must necessarily make a few observations of his own to determine the proper time for applying the fertilizer remedy, and this is not difficult. The flies lay the eggs in little masses on the surface of the ground near to the infested plants. They are white, slender, and cyHndrical, nearly one-sixteenth of an inch in length, and quite visible on close examination. When these eggs are found generally distributed over the fields the time to make the insecticide apphcation has arrived, because they hatch only a few days after they are laid, and the young larvae must be reached then or not at all. The carbolic acid emulsion diluted thirty-five times may also be applied with good prospects of success in killing the maggots, or the ground tobacco may be used over the rows just as soon as the plants are up. The onion-maggot, Phoi^bia ceparum^ is, perhaps, next in im- portance, and its habits are essentially the same as those given for the cabbage-maggot,—that is, the eggs are laid by the fly quite early in spring, next the onion stems or leaves at the surface of the ground, and prefer- ably in young onion beds. In the latitude of New Jersey this occurs in May, but the date va- ries somewhat accord- ing to the season and to the time at which these plants are started. The larvae work their way into the bulb at once and begin their scraping and gnawing, leading to the rapid decay and death of the plant. Matters are even more serious here than in the cabbage, because where a bulb has been started in decay, it usually continues, even if the maggots are de- stroyed, and in the case of sculHons, they become unmarketable. Fig. 420. The onion-maggot
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