Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . Fig. 25. Amphitheater at Arles in the Middle Ages The great Roman amphitheater at Aries (built probably in the first orsecond century) is about fifteen hundred feet in circumference. Duringthe eighth century, when the Mohammedans were invading southernFrance, it was converted into a fortress. Many of the inhabitants settledinside its walls, and towers were constructed, which still stand. The pic-ture shows it before the dwellings were removed, about 1830 Ch
Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . Fig. 25. Amphitheater at Arles in the Middle Ages The great Roman amphitheater at Aries (built probably in the first orsecond century) is about fifteen hundred feet in circumference. Duringthe eighth century, when the Mohammedans were invading southernFrance, it was converted into a fortress. Many of the inhabitants settledinside its walls, and towers were constructed, which still stand. The pic-ture shows it before the dwellings were removed, about 1830 Charlemagnes death, and then began to terrorize Italy andsouthern France. Even Rome itself suffered from accompanying picture shows how the people of Aries,in southern France, built their houses inside the old Romanamphitheater in order to protect themselves from these Moham-medan and On the east the German rulers had constantly to contend with the Slavs. Charlemagne had defeated them in his time, as Hungarians. Fig. 26. Monastery of St. Germain des Pres, Paris This famous monastery, now in the midst of Paris, was formerly outsideof the walls when the town was much smaller, and was fortified as shownin the picture, with a moat (C) and drawbridge (Z>). One can see theabbey church (A), which still stands; the cloister (B); the refectory, ordining room (E); and the long dormitory (G). It was common in theage of disorder to fortify monasteries and sometimes even churches, asnothing was so sacred as to protect it from the danger of attack 91 92 Medieval and Modern Times The North-men Growingpower andindepend-ence of thegreat land-owners mentioned above, but they continued to make much trouble fortwo centuries at least. Then there were also the Hungarians,a savage race from Asia, who ravaged Germany and northernItaly and whose wild horsemen penetrated even into the WestFrankish kingdom. Finally, they were driven back eastward andsettled in the country now nam
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