. Official proceedings . No. 4—Cross Section of Heating No. 5—Outside View of Heating Furnace. 49 or should be, case-hardened, may be named: gears, pinions,shafts, wrenches, roller bearings, chucks, vises, cams, hubs, etc. Methods of Heating:— In heating steel it is essential to know the best method toreach the desired temperature with the minimum oxidation. The principal methods used being the~elect?ric, gas or--oil fur-naces, and lead or oil baths. Each may be differently con-structed and of such capacity as best suited for the articles to beheated. Oxidation is least in the electr


. Official proceedings . No. 4—Cross Section of Heating No. 5—Outside View of Heating Furnace. 49 or should be, case-hardened, may be named: gears, pinions,shafts, wrenches, roller bearings, chucks, vises, cams, hubs, etc. Methods of Heating:— In heating steel it is essential to know the best method toreach the desired temperature with the minimum oxidation. The principal methods used being the~elect?ric, gas or--oil fur-naces, and lead or oil baths. Each may be differently con-structed and of such capacity as best suited for the articles to beheated. Oxidation is least in the electric furnace, but its usefulnessis limited, on account of its size, to the smaller machine parts ortools, such as taps, dies, reamers, gears, bolts, etc. It is ideal forheating small case-hardened articles for quenching: the non-oxi-dizing chamber preventing decarburization at the surface. The lead bath has also its limits of usefulness, principallydue to rapid oxidation of the lead. Also its weight and liquidform making it necessary to use cast iron or cast


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