The age of the crusades . nto the conditions of life andthought in the eleventh century which facilitated orprompted the great movement. Outline of Preliminary Study. These Conditions were Prominently : i. The intellectual and moral state of societyin the eleventh century, especially itsrudeness and warlike spirit. 2. The institution of chivalry, the awakeningof better ideals of heroism. 3. The feudal system, which provided forthe easy mobilization of men in war oradventure. 4. The impoverished condition of Europe,which forced enterprise to seek its rewardin foreign countries. 5. The papal pol
The age of the crusades . nto the conditions of life andthought in the eleventh century which facilitated orprompted the great movement. Outline of Preliminary Study. These Conditions were Prominently : i. The intellectual and moral state of societyin the eleventh century, especially itsrudeness and warlike spirit. 2. The institution of chivalry, the awakeningof better ideals of heroism. 3. The feudal system, which provided forthe easy mobilization of men in war oradventure. 4. The impoverished condition of Europe,which forced enterprise to seek its rewardin foreign countries. 5. The papal policy to consolidate and uni-versalize the ecclesiastical empire. 6. The menace of Mohammedanism underthe Saracenic and Turkish powers. 7. The prevailing superstition, which cred-ited to pilgrimage the virtues of piety, and ^ substituted exploits in the Holy Land for the plainer duties of holy life. CHAPTER II. STATE OF SOCIETY — IGNORANCE — DULNESS OFLIFE—SUPERSTITION—LOW SENSE OF JUSTICE—CRUELTY—TASTE FOR ARDINAL BARONIUS, the historianof the church down to the year 1198,designated the period which then closedas the Dark Ages. The propriety of thetitle has insured its perpetuity. The eraof the crusades is almost evenly divided by the datewhich all scholars, following Baronius, regard as mark- isuar thf- PnH nf fV>^ ^rrn-cf qnd thf> l^ff^ning of hft1-£ir times^ The eleventh and twelfth centuries were thebattle-ground on which trj^ grim spectres of the oldrne,t the hrightadvancinff spirits of the new must be remembered that the peoples then dom-inant were the descendants of those barbaric hordeswhose irruption from northern Europe and westernAsia had swept away the Roman empire. The fiercespirit of the Frank in Gaul, of the Goth in Spain, andof the Lombard in Italy was not yet tempered by thearts and philosophy their fathers had so nearly de-stroyed, and whose renaissance had not yet begun. 6 Sporadic Culture—Great Men. 7 It was but a fe
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidageof, booksubjectcrusades
