. Electric railway journal . ments. 1058 Electric Railway Journal Vol. 53, No. 22 Car Body Maintenance in Belfast Original Improvements Which Have Been Madeto Prolong the Life and Strengthen theStructure of Double-Deck Cars By P. Williamson Car Works Superintendent Belfast City Tramways FOR a number of years tramways throughout theUnited Kingdom have been experimenting in avariety of ways, so as to improve their rolling stockand lengthen its life. In this direction it has becomeestablished that, since the introduction of top coversto the old, standard, wooden underframe type of car,many diffic
. Electric railway journal . ments. 1058 Electric Railway Journal Vol. 53, No. 22 Car Body Maintenance in Belfast Original Improvements Which Have Been Madeto Prolong the Life and Strengthen theStructure of Double-Deck Cars By P. Williamson Car Works Superintendent Belfast City Tramways FOR a number of years tramways throughout theUnited Kingdom have been experimenting in avariety of ways, so as to improve their rolling stockand lengthen its life. In this direction it has becomeestablished that, since the introduction of top coversto the old, standard, wooden underframe type of car,many difficulties have arisen that are mainly due toheavy loading and higher speeds. These conditionshave now become responsible for much distortion andhogging at the ends of the bodies, which not only de-tract from the general appearance, but shorten the lifeof the main structure and increase the cost of mainte-nance very materially. The builders of this class of rolling stock have fora number of years followed the practice of bracing. DOUBLE DECK CAR WITH TOP COVER the framework together with a light iron rod (thelower one in the interior illustration) to the insideof the side members, and securing it in position to theends of the sole bar (side sill) with a strong adjustablenut. To a great extent this method has proved in itselfdeficient for the purpose for which it was intended,and it has now become necessary to improve upon it soas to restore the cars to their original shape. After many years experience in the building andmaintenance of this class of rolling stock, the writerhas developed several improvements that have beenfound to overcome some of the difficulties in methods are applied when the cars are passingthrough the workshops for a general overhaul. Inorder to inspect, repair and repaint them thoroughlyit was found necessary completely to remove the in-ternal structure so as to simplify the labor in fixingnew floor boards, wheel covers, and heelboard rails. Thea
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