. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. i8o ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES All the flowers observed by Magnus at Kissingen showed a transition to cleistogamy, the pale corolla remaining closed. Besides hermaphrodite flowers, Schulz noticed female ones, distributed gynomonoeciously, more rarely gynodioeciously. Visitors.—I saw the honey-bee skg. in the island of Sylt (' Weit. Beob.,' p. 232). Verhoeff observed the following in Norderney.— A. Diptera. (a) Empidae: i. Hilara quadrivittata Mg.; (^) Muscid
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. i8o ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES All the flowers observed by Magnus at Kissingen showed a transition to cleistogamy, the pale corolla remaining closed. Besides hermaphrodite flowers, Schulz noticed female ones, distributed gynomonoeciously, more rarely gynodioeciously. Visitors.—I saw the honey-bee skg. in the island of Sylt (' Weit. Beob.,' p. 232). Verhoeff observed the following in Norderney.— A. Diptera. (a) Empidae: i. Hilara quadrivittata Mg.; (^) Muscidae: 2. Anthomyia sp., skg.; 3. Aricia incana Wiedem., skg.; 4. Lucilia caesar L. J, skg.; (c) Syrphidae: 5. Syritta pipiens L., skg. 449. S. rubra Presl (=Arenaria rubra and campestris Z., Alsine rubra WaUenb., and Lepigonum rubrum Wahlenb^.—According to Schulz ('Beitrage/I, p. 17), the flower mechanism of this species resembles that of S. salina, and there is also an agreement as regards the small number of stamens. The flowers vary from homogamy to slight protandry, and, as in the last species, self-pollination often takes place when they remain closed. There are female flowers as well as hermaphrodite ones. These are usually smaller, and may be distributed either gynomonoeciously or gynodioeciously. Schulz regards this species as oecologically intermediate between S. media and S. salina. Visitors.—MacLeod observed an Empid in Flanders (Bot. Jaarb. Dodonaea, Ghent, vi, 1894, p. 157). 129. Cherleria L. Flowers protandrous to homogamous, and very inconspicuous, with half- concealed nectar secreted between the roots of the Fig. 51. Chirltria sedoidcs, L. (after Herm. Mttller). A. Flower seen from above (X i6). B. Styles and stigmas in the first (male) condition. C. The same in the second (female) condition, j, sepals; p^ petsuls ; Ji, filaments; w, nectaries; tw, ovary. 450. C. sedoides L. (Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 184-5; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' II, pp.
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