. History of the American Civil War . te climate. The easter-products, 2y ^jjgg produce breadstuffs and tobacco; the westerly have, in addition, hemp and live-stock. Thevalue of slave labor is by no means so great in them asin the Gulf States, but in most of them negroes could beraised for sale very profitably. This gave them an iden-tity of interest with the cotton-growing regions at theSouth. and their popuia- From the ccusus of 1860 it appears thatthe population of the Border States was asfollows: Missouri .... Whites. Free Colored. Slaves. 1,064,369 2,983 114,965 Kentucky. . 920,077 10,146
. History of the American Civil War . te climate. The easter-products, 2y ^jjgg produce breadstuffs and tobacco; the westerly have, in addition, hemp and live-stock. Thevalue of slave labor is by no means so great in them asin the Gulf States, but in most of them negroes could beraised for sale very profitably. This gave them an iden-tity of interest with the cotton-growing regions at theSouth. and their popuia- From the ccusus of 1860 it appears thatthe population of the Border States was asfollows: Missouri .... Whites. Free Colored. Slaves. 1,064,369 2,983 114,965 Kentucky. . 920,077 10,146 225,490 Virginia .... 1,047,613 57,579 490,888 Maryland. . 516,128 83,718 87,188 90,697 19,723 1,798 They stretch from beyond the Mississippi to the At- Their geographical hautlc, formlug a great bulwark, protecting position. ^^^ cotton region from the contact of the North, and are nearly divided asunder by the Free State Illinois, which, toward the south, being bounded by the Chap. XLVI.] THE BORDER STATES. 219. KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE. Mississippi on the west and the Ohio on the east, projectsdeeply into them. At the point of confluence of thosestreams is the important position Cairo. It was, as we have seen (p. 95), the intention of theTheir political posi- Original seceding states to intrench them-^ selves behind this great natural barrier, ex- pecting that it would bear the burden of the war ifany should take place, and be the scene of whateverdevastation might ensue. In that favorable seclusion, itwas thought that the cotton crop might be raised with-out molestation. To obtain access to this staple, it wasexpected that England would not hesitate to break anyblockade that the national government might establish,and that a recognition of independence, and perhaps mil-itary aid from Western Europe, might follow. OOQ THE BORDER STATES. [Sect. IX. It was tlierefore important to the leaders of the secession, movement that the alliance of the Border and impoitance t
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