. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Horses; Veterinary anatomy. THE POSTERIOR LIMBS. 139 Fig. 91. the condyles. It is slightly oblique downwards and inwards, and appears to continue in front the intercondyloid notch. Of the two lips which border its cavity laterally, the internal is the thickest and the most prominent. Between the external and the corresponding condyle, is seen a digital fossa for muscular insertion. Structure and development.—The femur, very spongy at its extremities, is developed from four principal centres of ossification : one for the body, another for t
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Horses; Veterinary anatomy. THE POSTERIOR LIMBS. 139 Fig. 91. the condyles. It is slightly oblique downwards and inwards, and appears to continue in front the intercondyloid notch. Of the two lips which border its cavity laterally, the internal is the thickest and the most prominent. Between the external and the corresponding condyle, is seen a digital fossa for muscular insertion. Structure and development.—The femur, very spongy at its extremities, is developed from four principal centres of ossification : one for the body, another for the articular head, the third for the trochanter, and the last for the inferior extremity alone. The femur of the Ass offers several differential characters, the principal of which have reference to the length of the neck, the development of the third trochanter (trochanter minor), and the curvatures of the diaphysis. The greater length of the neck causes the internal trochanter to be some distance from the hori- zontal plane on which the inner face of the bone lies ; in the Horse this trochanter is always in contact with the plane. The small trochanter is less developed than in the Horse, as may be seen on laying the bone on its external border; for the femur of the Ass rests by the trochanter major and external condyle, while in the Horse, it lies on the latter and the subtrochanteric crest. With regard to the curvatures, there is remarked a slight diminution in that which carries the head of the bone backwards, and a shght increase in the twist of the diaphysis around its longitudinal axis, which alters the equilibrium of the bone ; so that it is impossible to have it in stable equilibrium when it rests on the trochanter major, head, and inner lip of the trochlea ; this is easily accomplished with the femur of the Horse. By the dimensions of the neck and internal trochanter, the femur of the Hinny and Mule holds a middle place between their progenitors ; while in the develo
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