Nervous and mental diseases . ered extinct unless the planof reinforcement and all precautions are taken to elicit it. It may alsobe well to recall that it is diminished in advanced age, in sleep, byfatigue, in exhausting illness, and by any condition, such as a peripheralneuritis, that destroys the afferent and efferent paths or the spinalcenter. It is also possible that very rarely a healthy adult may befound without a knee-jerk. The Achilles reflex ordinarily fails with theknee-jerk. In fact, it may disappear before the knee-jerk is lost andconstitutes a valuable early test. The reflexes in
Nervous and mental diseases . ered extinct unless the planof reinforcement and all precautions are taken to elicit it. It may alsobe well to recall that it is diminished in advanced age, in sleep, byfatigue, in exhausting illness, and by any condition, such as a peripheralneuritis, that destroys the afferent and efferent paths or the spinalcenter. It is also possible that very rarely a healthy adult may befound without a knee-jerk. The Achilles reflex ordinarily fails with theknee-jerk. In fact, it may disappear before the knee-jerk is lost andconstitutes a valuable early test. The reflexes in the upper extremityfail when the cervical cord is involved, and Fraenkel claims that thetriceps reaction is lost as commonly and as early as the knee-jerk; ^ but1 Raymond, Lemons, Paris, 1901. ^ Deutsch. Zeit. f. Nerveiih.,July, 1900. DISEASES OF THE WHITE MATTER OF THE CORD. 443 this is clearly erroneous. The superficial reflexes, such as the plantar,abdominal, dorsal, and scapular, are variable. The iris reflex to light is. K Fig. 188.—Abnormal range of flexion of hip-joint due to hypotonus iu tabes.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, booksubjectmentalillness, booksubjectnervoussys
