Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . direction. The grammar school of Aberdeen, to itscredit, was now making special efforts, by janitors andcensors, to improve the minor morals of the scholars. Butthe most significant note of all was the new demand forfemale education. In the universities the old tutorial sys-tem of regenting had quite given place to the professorialsystem under which each teacher lectured upon his own iSrOTLAND. liiii 1742) s
Social England : a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . direction. The grammar school of Aberdeen, to itscredit, was now making special efforts, by janitors andcensors, to improve the minor morals of the scholars. Butthe most significant note of all was the new demand forfemale education. In the universities the old tutorial sys-tem of regenting had quite given place to the professorialsystem under which each teacher lectured upon his own iSrOTLAND. liiii 1742) special subject. A succession of brilliant men, like theMonros, Gregorys, and Maclaurin, gave to Edinburgh greatrepute in medicine and science. Law and the Church formedthe only careers open to young men of talent. Not tillChathams days did Scots abroad tind scope for their talents inwar and colonising; so now we find them in the schools of Ley-den and ITtrecht, thereafter making fame and fortune at theBar at home, buying estates, becoming improvers, and giving arefined flavour to the Jacobite society of the capital. Afterthe Revolution, Williams policy of absorbing into the Church. DOXIBRISTLE. the illiterate curates of the North is said to have lowered thetone of the clergy. Licentiates found employment as tutorsand chaplains in manor-houses, where they often met with aslittle respect as the Levite of Queen Annes days. On theskirts of the learned class hung the poor scribe, who greetedevery event of unusual domestic interest with his poeticeffusions. The first catalogue of the Advocates Library,founded in 1(J82, by Sir George Mackenzie, appeared in 1742,and showed a collection of 40,000 volumes. Popular read-ing got its first impetus from Allan Ramsay, who has thecredit of beginning a circulating library, in 1728. The ScotsMagazine, modelled on the Gentleman s, made its appearancein 1739. For some time after the LTnion Edinburgh had three 222 THE AGE OF WALPOLE. [1714 newspape
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