. Discovery. Science. DISCOVERY 63 was made by Nasmyth in 1853. But it was not until 1865 that the evidence adduced by Zollner, of Leipzig, convinced the contemporary astronomers that Jupiter was no enlarged edition of our own world, but was, indeed, a semi-sun. Zollner drew attention to the rapid changes in the cloud-belts both of Jupiter and Saturn. Such changes, he showed, indicated clearly a liigh internal temperature for both planets, for the heat of the Sun at the distance of Jupiter is quite in- capable of causing atmospheric disturbances on so vast a scale. Zollner drew attention, too,
. Discovery. Science. DISCOVERY 63 was made by Nasmyth in 1853. But it was not until 1865 that the evidence adduced by Zollner, of Leipzig, convinced the contemporary astronomers that Jupiter was no enlarged edition of our own world, but was, indeed, a semi-sun. Zollner drew attention to the rapid changes in the cloud-belts both of Jupiter and Saturn. Such changes, he showed, indicated clearly a liigh internal temperature for both planets, for the heat of the Sun at the distance of Jupiter is quite in- capable of causing atmospheric disturbances on so vast a scale. Zollner drew attention, too, to another analogy between Jupiter and the Sun, namely that the planet, as Herschel had noted long before, does not rotate as a whole, but that the rotation is accelerated in the equatorial regions. Clearly this fact conflicted directly with the current theory of the planet's physical con- dition. The new view of Jupiter and of the giant planets in general was adopted by the late R. A. Proctor early in his career, and presented with convincing logic in 1870 in his classic volume. Other Worlds than Ours. " If analogy is to be our guide," he WTote, " and we are to judge of the condition of Jupiter according to what we know or guess of the past condition of the Earth and the present condition of the Sun, we seem led to the conclusion that Jupiter is still a glowing mass, fluid probably throughout, still bubbling and seething with the intensity of the primeval fires, sending up continually enormous masses of cloud to be gathered into bands under the influence of the swift rotation of the giant ; The conception of Jupiter as a body, half sun, half world, has never since been challenged. In the seventies a new period in the study of Jupiter was inaugurated, which may be called the period of intensive observation. The discovery by Niesten at Brussels, in July 1878, of the remarkable object known as the " great red spot " gave an impetus to much mo
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