Annual report of the City Engineer . rately soft chiy overlaid by mud. From 2 feetto G feet of the mud was dredged from the ai-ea to be occu-pied by the piers, and spruce foundation piles driven in twosets. The first set, or low-grade piles, were cut off at grade— 9 feet for piers 1 and 2, and grade — 10 feet for piers3 and 4. The second set or high-grade piles were cut off atgrade — 2 feet for all piers. After the piles were driven and cut oft, a curbing of sheetpiling was constructed around the space to be occupied bythe concrete foundation, and filled with I^ortland cementconcrete to grade
Annual report of the City Engineer . rately soft chiy overlaid by mud. From 2 feetto G feet of the mud was dredged from the ai-ea to be occu-pied by the piers, and spruce foundation piles driven in twosets. The first set, or low-grade piles, were cut off at grade— 9 feet for piers 1 and 2, and grade — 10 feet for piers3 and 4. The second set or high-grade piles were cut off atgrade — 2 feet for all piers. After the piles were driven and cut oft, a curbing of sheetpiling was constructed around the space to be occupied bythe concrete foundation, and filled with I^ortland cementconcrete to grade 0. Below grade — 2 the concrete wasdeposited in the water through iron chutes ; above this pointit was deposited while the curbing was free from water, andwas carefully rammed and levelled to form a good bed forthe lower course of masonry. The concrete was made ofone part Portland cement, two parts of sand, and five partsof broken stone or pebbles — all parts by measure. Above grade 0 the piers are made of granite, laid in. Engineering Department. 41 mortar made of one part Portland cement and two partssand. The courses in the pier are 2 feet thick. The lowercourse of each pier is made of two lines of stretchers,with closure stone at each end of course. The beds ofthis course are dressed or split to lay not more than 1-inchjoint, the builds dressed to lay ^-incli joint, and the verticaljoints to lay ^-inch joint for one foot from the face of pier,and 1-inch to 2-inch joints for the balance of the joint. The second course from the foundation is made of headersextending the entire thickness of the pier. The courses be-tween the header course and coping are of ashlar masonry,laid in Flemish bond, with special bond and stones atends of pier. Stretchers are not less than 23 inches widewhere the piers are 4 feet thick, and not less than 24 incheswide where thickness of pier exceeds 4 feet. Vertical joints for 1 foot from face of pier, and the bedsand builds of all stones ar
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