. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 3i8 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES and anthers protrude from the carina, pressing against its ventral surface. As the stigma projects about 2 mm. beyond the anthers, it is the first to emerge, so that cross-pollination is assured, and self-pollination rendered diflBcult. Visitors.—Herm. Miiller chiefly observed skg. or po-cltg. humble-bees (5), and skg. Lepidoptera (13), which usually eflfected cross-pollination. Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. also obtained nectar by
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 3i8 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES and anthers protrude from the carina, pressing against its ventral surface. As the stigma projects about 2 mm. beyond the anthers, it is the first to emerge, so that cross-pollination is assured, and self-pollination rendered diflBcult. Visitors.—Herm. Miiller chiefly observed skg. or po-cltg. humble-bees (5), and skg. Lepidoptera (13), which usually eflfected cross-pollination. Bombus mastrucatus Gerst. also obtained nectar by perforating the flowers. In the Riesengebirge, A. Schulz noticed humble-bees, and also flowers per- forated by them. Loew saw the following bees in the Berlin Botanic Garden.—i. Apis mellifica Z. 5, skg.; 2. Bombus hortorum L. 5, do.; 3. B. lapidarius L. ijj, do.; 4. Osmia rufa L. 5, skg. and po-cltg. 753. R sibiricmn Poir.— Visitors. — Loew observed 2 humble- bees (Bombus agrorum F. 5, and B. rajellus K. 5) skg., in the Berlin Botanic Garden. 754. H. corona- rium L.—This is an Italian species. Visitors. — Von Dalla Torre saw 3 bees in the Innsbruck Botanic Garden. — i. Megachile ericetorum Lep. J, effecting pol- lination ; 2. Halictus leucozonius K., Fig. 10,^ Hedysarum abscurum, L. (after Herin. Miiller). A. Flower seen from tlie side (x ij). B. Flower after removal of calyi, vexillum, and alae, and depression of the carina, seen from the side. D. The same seen from above. C. Ri^ht ala from the inside {B-D x 3J). a, anthers ; ca, calyx ; c\ alar fold ; f^ vexillum; Ji andy?', alar lamina and claw ; «, ; (7, free upper filament; ov^ ovary; .? and s\ carinal lamina and claw; v, staminal tube. nigrotibialis , do.; 3. Megachile maritima K. %, freq. Schletterer records the same for the Tyrol. 226. Onobrychis Toum. Red nectar-yielding bee flowers, with simple valvular arrangement. 755. O. viciaefolia Scop. (=0. sativa Za?;/.). (Herm. Miill
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