Text-book of structural and physiological botany . in order tocome to a determination. The underground stem assumespeculiar forms in the rhizome, tuber, and bulb. The rhizo7ne (Fig. 108, p. 77) is found in many perennialplants. It may be recognised by the leaf-scars,, as also byits putting out a number of adventitious roots from its underside, and ascending annualbranches (shoots) into the airfrom its extremity or from theneighbourhood of the leaf-scars. The buds of theseshoots hibernate beneath theground (Fig. 115). Rhizomesare commonly branched, andnot unfrequently elongated,and creep for a
Text-book of structural and physiological botany . in order tocome to a determination. The underground stem assumespeculiar forms in the rhizome, tuber, and bulb. The rhizo7ne (Fig. 108, p. 77) is found in many perennialplants. It may be recognised by the leaf-scars,, as also byits putting out a number of adventitious roots from its underside, and ascending annualbranches (shoots) into the airfrom its extremity or from theneighbourhood of the leaf-scars. The buds of theseshoots hibernate beneath theground (Fig. 115). Rhizomesare commonly branched, andnot unfrequently elongated,and creep for a distancebeneath the surface, as forexample in couch-grass, Triti-cum repens; but are sometimes short and compressed, as inthe /;7>, solid, or sometimes hollow and divided intochambers, as in the water-hemlock, Ciacta virosa. The tuber is a thickened fleshy underground stem, with ^ [In applying the terms twining to the right and to the left, thereader must imagine himself in the position of the stem romid whichthe climbing plant twines.—Ed.]. 115.—Rhizome of Solomons seal,Convallaria Polygo7iaUi7ii. a ter-minal bud from which is developedthe next years stem ; b this yearsstem ; c, d, scars of the stems of pre-vious years. 8o Stintctu7al and Physiological Botany, usually very small leaves which can be made out only inthe young state ; but in some cases, as the potato, thereare a number of buds concealed in depressions, which arecalled ^7^i (Figs. ii6, 117). Many plants form only onetuber, as the pig-nut, Caruin bulbocastamim (Fig. 118),others several, as the potato. The spherical or palmate
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