Archive image from page 104 of American spiders and their spinning. American spiders and their spinning work. A natural history of the orbweaving spiders of the United States, with special regard to their industry and habits CUbiodiversity1121211-9742 Year: 1889 ( AROIOPK AND IIEU KIIiltONICD OlUi. 105 Fenders or Pro- tective Winers. linos s]mii on oitlier side or in front of the orb at the distance of one or more inclios from it. In certain positions tlieso wings are thrown on either side of tlic orb, as represented at Fig. 90, where the web is hung witiiin a conical or jiyrainidal of
Archive image from page 104 of American spiders and their spinning. American spiders and their spinning work. A natural history of the orbweaving spiders of the United States, with special regard to their industry and habits CUbiodiversity1121211-9742 Year: 1889 ( AROIOPK AND IIEU KIIiltONICD OlUi. 105 Fenders or Pro- tective Winers. linos s]mii on oitlier side or in front of the orb at the distance of one or more inclios from it. In certain positions tlieso wings are thrown on either side of tlic orb, as represented at Fig. 90, where the web is hung witiiin a conical or jiyrainidal of cross lines, a retite- larian web, in fact. In this snare both the aj)j)er and lower sec- tions of the orb were attached to strong foundation lines set within this mass, which was itself attached to the surrounding foliage. Til is structure appears to be common as to the upper half of the orb, but the lower part is frequently fastened directly to the foliage or other objects of the site. Such an arrangement adds to the elasticity of the snare, and must materially contribute to its powers of resistance. When the webs of Argiope are spun in such a i)osi- tion as to expose the spider from either side, the wings are thrown out on both sides, as in the figure. But in a great number of cases only one side is tlius de- fended, and it will be found in such cases that the other side is protected by the foliage against which the orb is spun. These fenders or wings arc by no means universal. Indeed, I have examined scores of snares on the same day and for several successive weeks without noticing one ex- ample. The Banded Argiope makes the same kind of protective wings, and I have found several half grown individuals of this species on the seashore of Cape Ann, Massachusetts, whose webs were all thus characterized. Sometimes the fenders are wholly separated from the spinningwork of the orb itself, and are thrown out well upon the flank, and attached to projecting parts of the foliage. The
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