. How plants grow [microform] : a simple introduction to structural botany : with a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings. Botany; Botanique. FRUIT. 7t es (Fi|. ruit. It '^ jrow. or ^(1 fleshy l\ve need Tuty anu I, cloped, jr naked )3 is one It away.). 305 Nut and Cupula. That they are not seeds is plain from the way they as^ produced, and from their bearing a style or stigma, at least when young. Tl»ey are evidently pistils ripened; and on cutting them open, the seed is found whole within (FTtg. 24). 23
. How plants grow [microform] : a simple introduction to structural botany : with a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated : illustrated by 500 wood engravings. Botany; Botanique. FRUIT. 7t es (Fi|. ruit. It '^ jrow. or ^(1 fleshy l\ve need Tuty anu I, cloped, jr naked )3 is one It away.). 305 Nut and Cupula. That they are not seeds is plain from the way they as^ produced, and from their bearing a style or stigma, at least when young. Tl»ey are evidently pistils ripened; and on cutting them open, the seed is found whole within (FTtg. 24). 230. A Grain (or Caryopsis) is the same as an akeno, except that the thin seed- vessel adheres firmly to the whole surface or the sewL Indian corn, wheat, rye, and all such kinds of grain are examples. 231. 1 Nut is a hard-shelled, one-seeded, iiwlehtscent fruit, like an akene, but on a larger scale. Beechnuts, cliei^tnuts, and acorns (Fig. 205) are familiar examples. In all these the nut is surrounded by a kind of involucre, called a Cupule or Cup, which, however, is no part of the fruit. In the Oak, the cupule ii* a scaly cup; in the Beech and Chestnut, it is a kind of bur , in the Hazel, it is a leaf-like ^Pp or covering; in Hop-IIonibeam, it is a thin and closed bag. The fruit of the Walnut, Butternut, and the like, is between a drupe and a nut, having a fleshy outer layer. 232. A Key or Key-Fruit (called by botanists a Samara) is like an akene or nut, or any other imleliii^cent, one-seeded fruit, only it is winged. The fruits of the Ash (Fig. 206) and of th% Elm (Fig. 207) are of this kind. That of the Maple consists of two keys partly joined at the base, both from one flower (Fig. 208). 233. Dehiscent Fruits, or dry fruits which split or burst open in some regular way, take the general name of 234. Pods. These generally split lengthwise when ripe and dry. Pods formed of a simple pistil mostly open down their inner edge, namely, that which answers to the united mar- gins of
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1858
