. The care of trees in lawn, street and park. With a list of trees and shrubs for decorative use. Trees; Trees. 14 Characteristics, Structure, Life of Trees the base of the daughter branch more and more, while the latter itself is also growing in diameter. The forester is interested in this method of branch formation, be- cause he knows that, owing to it, every branch or limb which once existed will produce a "knot" in the lumber, although this lumber may be sawed from an apparently branchless bole. As long as the limb remained alive, this will be a "sound" knot; after the
. The care of trees in lawn, street and park. With a list of trees and shrubs for decorative use. Trees; Trees. 14 Characteristics, Structure, Life of Trees the base of the daughter branch more and more, while the latter itself is also growing in diameter. The forester is interested in this method of branch formation, be- cause he knows that, owing to it, every branch or limb which once existed will produce a "knot" in the lumber, although this lumber may be sawed from an apparently branchless bole. As long as the limb remained alive, this will be a "sound" knot; after the limb has died, it will be a "loose" knot (in conifers), or a decayed knot, leaving a blemish or hole in the board. The forester, there- fore, attempts to grow his trees so as to kill out most limbs as early as possible in order to reduce the size and number of knots and thus secure a branchless bole. \\'hen, however, a branch is broken or cut off, a dormant bud may develop into a branch. Such dormant buds are connected with the pith by a fine trace of pithy material not large enough to be noted as an imperfection. There is an interest in this structural peculiarity which con- cerns the tree-warden. The center or pith of the branch or bole, which forms a direct and continuous communication through the entire tree from the. Fig. 6. — Method of formation of a knot. Seven annual layers of wood; a, b, basal parts of a limb which lived four years, then died and broke off near the stem. This leaves a "sound" knot to the left of a, the branch stub to the right forming a " dead " knot soon to be cov- ered by the growing stem. (From Department of Agri- culture, Forestry Bulletin, No. id).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Fernow, B. E. (Bernhard Eduard), 1851-1923. New Yo
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