. Financial history of the United States . ldings and light-houses, were undertaken on a generousscale : the former were necessary in order to provide de-positories for the funds of the government, and the latterwere demanded by the vigorous and expanding for the several classes of internal improvementsfrom 1831 to i860 were as follows: — Year Public Rivers Roads Light-houses buildings and liarbors and canals etc. 1831-35 $752,000 $3,058,000 $4,208,000 $>. 4,603,000 2,334,000 939,000 5,562,000 1856-60 10,037,000 1,373,000 2,507,000 7,931,000 Expenditures for
. Financial history of the United States . ldings and light-houses, were undertaken on a generousscale : the former were necessary in order to provide de-positories for the funds of the government, and the latterwere demanded by the vigorous and expanding for the several classes of internal improvementsfrom 1831 to i860 were as follows: — Year Public Rivers Roads Light-houses buildings and liarbors and canals etc. 1831-35 $752,000 $3,058,000 $4,208,000 $>. 4,603,000 2,334,000 939,000 5,562,000 1856-60 10,037,000 1,373,000 2,507,000 7,931,000 Expenditures for rivers, harbors, roads, and canals as heretabulated are included under War in the second table onpage 267, while expenditures for public buildings and light-houses are to be found under Miscellaneous. A comparison of income and outgo is made in the followingtable in millions of dollars : —. §iisJ Receipts and Expenditures. 269 Year Receipts Expendi-tures Surplus Deficit Taxes Other Total 18461847184818491850, 8S418551856 iSS71858 1859i8601861 2-7 3-9 • l8%° ,1 S-31-3 27-3 Of the secretaries of the treasury after Walker, James Guthriedeserves special mention. No great administrative act is as-sociated with his name; his reputation rests rather in thetraditions of the treasury department and in his officialreports which deal with questions now rarely raised in publiccontroversy. He clearly realized the significance of thegrowth of government business, which is reflected in thepreceding tables, and that this demanded a careful revisionof departmental methods. This was the more necessaryon account of
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