A descriptive and historical account of hydraulic and other machines for raising water, ancient and modern : with observations on various subjects connected with the mechanic arts: including the progressive development of the steam engine . iston is forced down; but by the addition of what is called an air-vessel, the stream from the discharg-ing pipe may be made con-tinuous: this vessel is clos-ed at its upper part, andopen at bottom, where it isconnected by screws to theforcing pipe directly overthe valve, as represented inthe annexed Adisch^irging pipe may thenbe coTmected to
A descriptive and historical account of hydraulic and other machines for raising water, ancient and modern : with observations on various subjects connected with the mechanic arts: including the progressive development of the steam engine . iston is forced down; but by the addition of what is called an air-vessel, the stream from the discharg-ing pipe may be made con-tinuous: this vessel is clos-ed at its upper part, andopen at bottom, where it isconnected by screws to theforcing pipe directly overthe valve, as represented inthe annexed Adisch^irging pipe may thenbe coTmected to the lowerpart of trie vessel, or it maybe, as it often is, insertedthrough the top, in whichcase its lower end shouldextend nearly to the by the crescent of thepiston v/c-ter is forced outNo. i2t. V orcing -ump with ^£ ^y^^ Cylinder, part of it eniers the pipe, and part rushes past it and compresses the air confined inthe upper part of the vessel ; and when the piston is raised to draw afresh portion into the cylinder, this air expands and di-ives out the waterthat compressed it and thus renders the stream constant. It will be per-ceivfd that the quantity of water raised is not inci eased by this arrange 34. 26G Dcscrij)tion of the Machine of Ctcsibius by Vitruvius. [Book 111 ment; its flow from ihc discharging orifice being merely rendered uniform,nr nearly so. In the ordinary use of forcing pumps a constant instead of an inter-rupted flow of water from the discharging orifice, may be a matter ofno importance ; but when those of large dimensions are required to raiseil to great elevations, air vessels are not only valuable but indispensableadjuncts; for the elastic fluid ?within them forms a medium for graduallyovercoming the inertia of the ascending liquid columns, and thereby pre-vents those jars and shocks which are incident to all non-elastic substancesin rapid motion, when brought suddenly to a state of rest. A column ofwater moving with great ve
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookiddescriptiveh, bookyear1876
