The analysis of fuel, gas, water, and lubricants . Ifthe coals of Illinois were able to produce a metallurgical cokeand Pennsylvania coals were not so constituted, other factorsremaining the same it would doubtless result in an interchangeof data, that is, Illinois would be credited with an output of163,000,000 tons and Pennsylvania with 90,000,000 tons. Thesefigures would then more nearly conform to the relative reservesfor each state. This reference alone, among numerous otherswhich might be given, may serve as an illustration of the desira-bility on the part of the chemist of familiarizing
The analysis of fuel, gas, water, and lubricants . Ifthe coals of Illinois were able to produce a metallurgical cokeand Pennsylvania coals were not so constituted, other factorsremaining the same it would doubtless result in an interchangeof data, that is, Illinois would be credited with an output of163,000,000 tons and Pennsylvania with 90,000,000 tons. Thesefigures would then more nearly conform to the relative reservesfor each state. This reference alone, among numerous otherswhich might be given, may serve as an illustration of the desira-bility on the part of the chemist of familiarizing himself with the COAL 9 composition, characteristics and types of the coals in the variousregions of the country. Greater efficiency in the use of a low-grade coal may even give it an advantage over the coal of highergrade. Coking conditions may also be modified so that thechemical studies connected with our coal supplies may involve awide range of interests from the purely scientific phase to therelations which are mainly industrial or Fig. G.—Eastern coal fields. Distribution of Types.—It is not intended at this point to takeup the topic of coal classification in detail. It should be noted,however, that certain geological conditions have brought aboutchemical changes in the coal beds which have resulted in a pro-gression westward of certain type characteristics such as thecontent of volatile matter or the amount of free moisture retainedin the coal seam. For example, by reference to Fig. 6, thenumbers 1 to 3 inclusive show the location of the coals havingthe lowest volatile matter, the anthracites. Coals numbered 10 FUEL, GAS, WATER AND LUBRICATION 5 to 10 are of the bituminous type but low in volatile matter,while in the next zone westward are found the high-volatilebituminous coals. Further west, as in Indiana and Illinois,other zonal characteristics of a chemical nature occur which willbe better understood when the topic of classification is discussed CHAPTE
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