Death and decay. Downy Birch (Betula pubescens). Possible X B. pendula). Tree succession on a wetland site. Calthorpe Broad NNR, Norfolk. From natural


Death and decay. Downy Birch (Betula pubescens). Possible X B. pendula). Tree succession on a wetland site. Calthorpe Broad NNR, Norfolk. From naturally self sown seed trees reaching maturity with one or two estimated 30 - 40 years old dying off. Alder (Alnus glutinosa), thickets middle distance, and in background. Bark lasts longer than inner wood. Oak (Quercus robur), branch reaching into frame on the right. All three, deciduous species. Winter


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