. The railroad and engineering journal . s or pro-jections forged on it, shown in Plate IV, between which thecylinders are attached. The latter are securely held in theirposition by wedges, which are driven in between the lugs andthe cylinder castings. The frames, as already stated, are in this country made ofwrought-iron forged bars, and are accurately planed off over theirwhole surface. In Europe they are made of rolled-iron plates. Question 454. How are the frames fastened to the boiler? Answer. As already stated, they are fastened to the cylin-ders with wedges and bolts, and as the cylinde
. The railroad and engineering journal . s or pro-jections forged on it, shown in Plate IV, between which thecylinders are attached. The latter are securely held in theirposition by wedges, which are driven in between the lugs andthe cylinder castings. The frames, as already stated, are in this country made ofwrought-iron forged bars, and are accurately planed off over theirwhole surface. In Europe they are made of rolled-iron plates. Question 454. How are the frames fastened to the boiler? Answer. As already stated, they are fastened to the cylin-ders with wedges and bolts, and as the cylinders are bolted tothe smoke-box, the frames are thus rigidly attached to the frontend of the boiler. In order to strengthen those portions of theframes which extend beyond the front of the smoke-box and towhich the bumper-timber is attached, diagonal braces, shownin Plates III, IV, and V, are bolted both to the timberand to each of the frames at their lower ends. The upper endsare bolted to the smoke-box. Other braces are also fastened to. Fig. 283. fig. 254, and also separately, in fig. 2S4, in which Cis the jour-nal bearing and (/the oil cellar. The latter is a receptacle un-derneath the axle which is filled with wool or cotton waste whichis saturated with oil for the purpose of lubricating the oil-cellar is held in its position by two , whichpass through it and the driving-box casting. By removing thebolts the oil-cellar can easily be removed, and the box can thenbe taken off the axle. Question 452. How are the boxes, journals, and journal-bear-ings of the truck wheels made ? Answer. They are very similar to those for the driving-wheels, their chief difference being that those for the truckwheels are smaller than those for the driving-wheels. Question 453. Howare the frames for locomotives constructed ? Ans7tier. The frames, 32, 32, 32, Plates III, IV, and V, aremade of bars of wrought iron from three to four inches thickand about the same in width. Each f
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