. The earth and its inhabitants ... Geography. INHABITANTS OF SAN DOMINGO. 409 Bonaparte, after overthrowing the republic and restoring the ancien regime under a new name, attempted to effect a similar work in Haiti. The blacks at first hesitated, or resisted in a half-hearted way, especially after the treacherous capture of their leader, Toussaint-Louverture. But the truth gradu- ally leaked out, and the existence of the decree re-establishing slavery and the slave trade in the Antilles became known to all, especially after some mulattoes imported from Guadeloupe were publicly sold as slaves.
. The earth and its inhabitants ... Geography. INHABITANTS OF SAN DOMINGO. 409 Bonaparte, after overthrowing the republic and restoring the ancien regime under a new name, attempted to effect a similar work in Haiti. The blacks at first hesitated, or resisted in a half-hearted way, especially after the treacherous capture of their leader, Toussaint-Louverture. But the truth gradu- ally leaked out, and the existence of the decree re-establishing slavery and the slave trade in the Antilles became known to all, especially after some mulattoes imported from Guadeloupe were publicly sold as slaves. The black troops immediately deserted and the war was resumed. As before, it assumed an atrocious character, and Dessalines, the black leader, ordered the massacre of all whites, the burning of the towns and plantations. The French on their part gave no quarter ; they even brought to the siege of Leogane two hundred Cuban bloodhounds, " that were fed on negro flesh and made Fig-. 195. -Disputed Teeeitoey between Haiti and San DoiiiNGo. iSoale 1 : 7 00" 000. Depths. Dispnted Territory. 0 to 1,500 Fathoms. 1,500 Fathoms aud upwards. 125 MUes. more savage uy ; But the climate, on which the Haitians had calculated, at last secured them the victory. A frightful outburst of yellow fever almost com- pletely destroyed the invading army, carrying off 24,000 of the 35,000 that had been landed, and leaving only 2,200 capable of bearing arms when the time came to evacuate the island. Separation was now an accomplished fact, and on January 1st, 1804, independence was proclaimed at Gonaives. After its revolutionary period of fifteen years, Haiti, like the mother-country, constituted itself an " empire ; " then followed its monarchies and constitutional presidencies, and even a second empire (1849), just as in France, and then another republic, which still keeps up the outward semblance of a civilised state. In 1843 the alliance imposed by force on the Spanish
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