. Range-wide status assessment of cirsium longistylum (long-styled thistle) . Cirsium longistylum; Cirsium; Long-styled thistle; Endemic plants; Rare plants. 5. Grazing: Grazing is a historical and current use in many areas occupied by long-styled thistle. Consumption of flowering stalks and rosettes by cattle has been observed (Figures 8-9) in the field, though this is usually minimal as long as more palatable vegetation is present. Livestock may have an indirect adverse impact by spreading weeds into previously uninfested areas. However, livestock grazing may reduce competition and increase
. Range-wide status assessment of cirsium longistylum (long-styled thistle) . Cirsium longistylum; Cirsium; Long-styled thistle; Endemic plants; Rare plants. 5. Grazing: Grazing is a historical and current use in many areas occupied by long-styled thistle. Consumption of flowering stalks and rosettes by cattle has been observed (Figures 8-9) in the field, though this is usually minimal as long as more palatable vegetation is present. Livestock may have an indirect adverse impact by spreading weeds into previously uninfested areas. However, livestock grazing may reduce competition and increase bare soil, leading to an increase in germination and establishment of C longistylum in some sites. Currently, light to moderate grazing is not believed to have direct significant adverse impacts on the long-term survival of the species, though short-term adverse impacts may occur in localized ^^ys^;^.. -J. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Mincemoyer, Scott; Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena : Montana Natural Heritage Program
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