. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 442 SYMPATHETIC NERVE fibres on the one side than they received on the opposite side. So also in the septum between the auricles of the frog's heart Bidder has seen small ganglia, which gave off on the one side eight nerve-fibres more than they received on the other side. The obser- vations of Bidder and Volkmann have been confirmed also by Kb'lliker. Engel*, moreover, describes a peripheral ganglion, to which no nerve-fibres passed, while a number of fibres left it; an observation which, if correct, places beyond a doub
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 442 SYMPATHETIC NERVE fibres on the one side than they received on the opposite side. So also in the septum between the auricles of the frog's heart Bidder has seen small ganglia, which gave off on the one side eight nerve-fibres more than they received on the other side. The obser- vations of Bidder and Volkmann have been confirmed also by Kb'lliker. Engel*, moreover, describes a peripheral ganglion, to which no nerve-fibres passed, while a number of fibres left it; an observation which, if correct, places beyond a doubt the question as to the origin of nerve-fibres in the ganglia. The ganglion in question he describes as being pear-shaped, and about 0'096 of a line in diameter; it oc- curred in the perichondrium of the tracheal cartilage, and consisted of fourteen ganglionic corpuscles, with seven efferent nerve-fibres, each measuring about O0012 of a line in diameter. Even in regard to the bipolar gan- glionic corpuscles, it does not appear to be at all certain that they are all merely organs deve- loped on the course of a nerve-fibre arising in the brain and spinal cord. On the contrary, it would appear that several of the cells be- longing to this variety must also be regarded as giving origin to nerve-fibres in the same manner as the unipolar cell. Thus Bidder has seen bipolar cells, the nerve-tubes con- nected with which did not run in opposite directions, one towards the brain and spinal cord, the other towards the periphery, but both ran in the latter direction (fig. 291.) : so also Stannius, as mentioned by Kolliker, has Fig. Bipolar ganglionic corpuscle, both nerve-fibres con- nected with ivhich run peripherically. From the spinal ganglion of a Fish. (After Bidder.) seen in the ciliary ganglion of Trigla, a bi- polar cell, both nerve-fibres of which were directed peripherically. The same observer has also seen ganglionic corpuscles in the fish which "ave origin to or had
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