. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . racic haemal spines, c, s; the hasmapophyses, d, of fivecorresponding segments, and also a modified pair, h, b, of the haem-apophyses of an antecedent segment. The pleurapophyses, pi, a,of the dorsal segment areshown in connection with thecentrum, c, and neural arch,n ; it is to this part of thesegment that the term ( verte-bra, is commonly restricted. The dorsal vertebras, thusdefined, rarely form more thana fourth part of the entirecolumn, and in some of thelong-necked Grallatores, asthe Stork and Flamingo, , form only an eighth p
. On the anatomy of vertebrates [electronic resource] . racic haemal spines, c, s; the hasmapophyses, d, of fivecorresponding segments, and also a modified pair, h, b, of the haem-apophyses of an antecedent segment. The pleurapophyses, pi, a,of the dorsal segment areshown in connection with thecentrum, c, and neural arch,n ; it is to this part of thesegment that the term ( verte-bra, is commonly restricted. The dorsal vertebras, thusdefined, rarely form more thana fourth part of the entirecolumn, and in some of thelong-necked Grallatores, asthe Stork and Flamingo, , form only an eighth part;they have not been observedto be fewer than four (in someVultures), nor more than ninethroughout the class ; the lat-ter number obtains in the Ap-teryx: the most common numbers are six or seven. The dorsal vertebras are shorter than most of the cervicals, andwith broader neural arches, in consequence of the greater deve-lopement of the transverse processes; but their bodies become muchcompressed, and in some Birds are reduced almost to the form of. Anterior vertebra, with other ha?mal arches of dorsalor thoracic region, in diagrammatic front view. 16 ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. vertical laminse towards the sacral region (Aptenodytes, Catar-rhactes); but, in the Ostrich, the bodies of the dorsal vertebra?retain their breadth throughout the series. The bodies are united by capsular ligaments and synovial mem-branes; the anterior articular cartilaginous surface is convex in 14
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